Jayasekara Kithsiri Bandara, Dissanayake Dhammika Menike, Sivakanesan Ramiah, Ranasinghe Asanga, Karunarathna Ranawaka Hewage, Priyantha Kumara Gardiye Waligamage Gamini
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University.
J Epidemiol. 2015;25(4):275-80. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20140074. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
The aim of the study was to identify the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka.
A cross-sectional study was carried out by analyzing health statistics, and three cohort studies were conducted (n = 15 630, 3996, and 2809) to analyze the demographic information, age-specific prevalence, etiology, and stage of presentation. We screened 7604 individuals for chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology.
The results showed that the male:female ratio was 2.4:1, the mean age of patients was 54.7 ± 8 years, 92% of the patients were farmers, and 93% consumed water from shallow dug wells. Familial occurrence was common (36%). The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in different age groups was 3% in those aged 30-40 years; 7% in those aged 41-50 years, 20% in those aged 51-60 years, and 29% in those older than 60 years. Chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology was diagnosed in 70.2% of patients, while 15.7% and 9.6% were due to hypertension and diabetic mellitus, respectively. The majority of patients were stage 4 (40%) at first presentation, while 31.8% were stage 3 and 24.5% were stage 5. Stage 1 and 2 presentation accounted for only 3.4%.
Low prevalence of CKDU was noticed (1.5%) among those who consumed water from natural springs. Prevalence was highest among males, rice farming communities, and those presenting at later disease stages.
本研究旨在确定斯里兰卡病因不明的慢性肾脏病的流行病学特征。
通过分析健康统计数据进行横断面研究，并开展了三项队列研究（n分别为15630、3996和2809），以分析人口统计学信息、特定年龄患病率、病因及疾病呈现阶段。我们对7604名个体进行了病因不明的慢性肾脏病筛查。
结果显示，男女比例为2.4:1，患者平均年龄为54.7±8岁，92%的患者为农民，93%的患者饮用浅井中的水。家族聚集现象常见（36%）。不同年龄组慢性肾脏病的患病率分别为：30 - 40岁人群中为3%；41 - 50岁人群中为7%；51 - 60岁人群中为20%；60岁以上人群中为29%。70.2%的患者被诊断为病因不明的慢性肾脏病，而分别有15.7%和9.6%的患者病因是高血压和糖尿病。大多数患者初诊时为4期（40%），31.8%为3期，24.5%为5期。1期和2期患者仅占3.4%。
饮用天然泉水人群中病因不明的慢性肾脏病患病率较低（1.5%）。男性、水稻种植社区以及疾病晚期患者的患病率最高。
