Könönen Eija, Wade William G
University of Turku, Institute of Dentistry, Turku, Finland Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015 Apr;28(2):419-42. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00100-14.
Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis. During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been described. Their detection and identification in clinical microbiology laboratories and recognition as pathogens in clinical settings can be challenging. With the introduction of advanced molecular methods, knowledge about their clinical relevance is gradually increasing, and the spectrum of diseases associated with Actinomyces and Actinomyces-like organisms is widening accordingly; for example, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces neuii, and Actinomyces turicensis as well as Actinotignum (formerly Actinobaculum) schaalii are emerging as important causes of specific infections at various body sites. In the present review, we have gathered this information to provide a comprehensive and microbiologically consistent overview of the significance of Actinomyces and some closely related taxa in human infections.
以色列放线菌长期以来一直被认为是放线菌病的病原体。在过去30年里，已描述了大量新的放线菌物种。在临床微生物学实验室中对它们进行检测和鉴定，以及在临床环境中识别它们为病原体可能具有挑战性。随着先进分子方法的引入，关于它们临床相关性的知识正在逐渐增加，与放线菌和放线菌样生物相关的疾病谱也相应地在扩大；例如，迈耶放线菌、纽氏放线菌、图赖讷放线菌以及斯氏放线杆菌（以前的放线杆菌属）正在成为身体各个部位特定感染的重要病因。在本综述中，我们收集了这些信息，以全面且在微生物学上保持一致地概述放线菌及一些密切相关分类群在人类感染中的重要性。
