Sabour Sahar, Sadeghi Koupaei Hanieh, Ghasemi Hadi, Amin Mansour, Azimi Taher
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Jul 25;15:1559001. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1559001. eCollection 2025.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths around the world. Rectal bleeding, changes in bowel movements, weight loss, and fatigue are the main clinical presentations of CRC. While the exact etiology of the disease is unknown, CRC is considered a complex and multifactorial disease resulted from an intricate interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Moreover, CRC is known as a chronic inflammation-associated tumor, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are susceptible groups to CRC development. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play a crucial role in the development and progression of CRC. CRC can be created after anaerobic bacterial infections such as Enterotoxigenic (ETBF), , , , , , , , etc. Activation of Wnt signaling, loss of tissue architecture, proinflammatory signaling, and genotoxic cellular DNA damage are the primary mechanisms by which anaerobic bacteria induce carcinogenesis in CRC. Besides, spore germination and toxin production are done in hypoxic and acidic conditions. Therefore, according to the presence of this condition (anaerobic glycolysis) in tumor tissue, the tumor environment is suitable for the formation of anaerobic infections. The current review-based study aims to discuss the important aspects of these mechanisms and their possible roles in the initiation, development, and exacerbation of CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。直肠出血、排便习惯改变、体重减轻和疲劳是CRC的主要临床表现。虽然该疾病的确切病因尚不清楚，但CRC被认为是一种由遗传和环境因素复杂相互作用导致的复杂多因素疾病。此外，CRC是一种与慢性炎症相关的肿瘤，炎症性肠病（IBD）或肠易激综合征（IBS）患者是CRC发生的易感人群。肠道微生物群及其代谢产物在CRC的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。CRC可在厌氧细菌感染后发生，如产肠毒素脆弱拟杆菌（ETBF）等。Wnt信号激活、组织结构丧失、促炎信号和基因毒性细胞DNA损伤是厌氧细菌在CRC中诱导致癌作用的主要机制。此外，孢子萌发和毒素产生在缺氧和酸性条件下进行。因此，根据肿瘤组织中这种情况（无氧糖酵解）的存在，肿瘤环境适合厌氧感染的形成。本综述性研究旨在讨论这些机制的重要方面及其在CRC的起始、发展和恶化中的可能作用。
