Litschel Ralph, Majoor Juleke, Tasman Abel-Jan
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, St Gallen, Switzerland.
JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2015 May-Jun;17(3):183-9. doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2015.0078.
Protruding ears are often thought to be a stigma, supposedly drawing attention and negatively influencing the perception of personality. These purported negative effects that may indicate corrective aesthetic otoplasty in patients too young to provide informed consent have not been quantified.
To quantify attention directed toward protruding ears and its effect on the perception of selected personality traits.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this observational study conducted from August 1, 2013, to October 31, 2013, visual scan paths were recorded of 20 lay observers looking at photographs of faces of 20 children (age range, 5-19 years) with either protruding ears or ears morphed via computer software to appear nonprotruding. Subsequently, the observers rated 10 perceived personality traits based on the same photographs.
Visual fixation time on protruding vs nonprotruding ears was compared and correlated with observers' scores for personality traits.
Fixation time on protruding ears was significantly longer compared with that for morphed nonprotruding ears (mean [SD], 9.6% [5.6%] vs 5.8% [3.2%] of total fixation time, P = .04). The difference between the overall personality questionnaire scores and between individual scores for assiduousness, intelligence, and likeability was not significant for protruding and nonprotruding ears. Faces in which the protruding auricles received the highest percentage of visual attention scored higher than average for the overall personality scores (mean [SD], 66.09 [4.50] vs. 55.81 [13.36]) and for assiduousness (6.64 [0.74] vs. 5.59 [1.41]), intelligence (6.78 [0.74] vs. 5.83 [1.31]), and likeability (7.29 [0.47] vs. 6.28 [1.40]).
Protruding ears had the potential to draw viewers' attention but did not cause a negative perception of personality traits. This study therefore does not provide confirmatory evidence for the stigmatizing nature of protruding ears.
招风耳常被认为是一种耻辱，据说会引起他人注意并对个性认知产生负面影响。对于那些年龄太小无法提供知情同意的患者而言，这些所谓的负面影响可能意味着需要进行矫正性美容耳整形术，但尚未得到量化。
量化人们对招风耳的关注程度及其对所选个性特征认知的影响。
设计、地点和参与者：在这项于2013年8月1日至2013年10月31日进行的观察性研究中，记录了20名普通观察者观看20名儿童（年龄范围5 - 19岁）面部照片的视觉扫描路径，这些儿童有的耳朵突出，有的耳朵经计算机软件处理后显得不突出。随后，观察者根据相同照片对10种感知到的个性特征进行评分。
比较对突出耳朵与不突出耳朵的视觉注视时间，并将其与观察者的个性特征得分相关联。
与经处理后的不突出耳朵相比，对突出耳朵的注视时间明显更长（平均[标准差]，占总注视时间的9.6%[5.6%]对5.8%[3.2%]，P = 0.04）。对于突出耳朵和不突出耳朵，总体个性问卷得分以及勤奋、智力和亲和力等单项得分之间的差异不显著。突出耳廓获得视觉关注比例最高的面部在总体个性得分（平均[标准差]，66.09[4.50]对55.81[13.36]）、勤奋程度（6.64[0.74]对5.59[1.41]）、智力（6.78[0.74]对5.83[1.31]）和亲和力（7.29[0.47]对6.28[1.40]）方面得分高于平均水平。
招风耳有可能吸引观者的注意力，但不会导致对个性特征产生负面认知。因此，本研究并未为招风耳的耻辱性本质提供确证。
3级
