Moody Laura, Liang Joy, Choi Pique P, Moran Timothy H, Liang Nu-Chu
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, 725 Psychology Bldg., 603 E. Daniel Street, M/C 716, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2015 Oct 15;150:53-63. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.03.019. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
Physical activity has beneficial effects on not only improving some disease conditions but also by preventing the development of multiple disorders. Experiments in this study examined the effects of wheel running on intakes of chow and palatable diet e.g. high fat (HF) or high sucrose (HS) diet in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Experiment 1 demonstrated that acute wheel running results in robust HF or HS diet avoidance in male rats. Although female rats with running wheel access initially showed complete avoidance of the two palatable diets, the avoidance of the HS diet was transient. Experiment 2 demonstrated that male rats developed decreased HF diet preferences regardless of the order of diet and wheel running access presentation. Running associated changes in HF diet preference in females, on the other hand, depended on the testing schedule. In female rats, simultaneous presentation of the HF diet and running access resulted in transient complete HF diet avoidance whereas running experience prior to HF diet access did not affect the high preference for the HF diet. Ovariectomy in females resulted in HF diet preference patterns that were similar to those in male rats during simultaneous exposure of HF and wheel running access but similar to intact females when running occurred before HF exposure. Overall, the results demonstrated wheel running associated changes in palatable diet preferences that were in part sex dependent. Furthermore, ovarian hormones play a role in some of the sex differences. These data reveal complexity in the mechanisms underlying exercise associated changes in palatable diet preference.
体育活动不仅对改善某些疾病状况有有益影响，而且对预防多种疾病的发生也有作用。本研究中的实验考察了轮转运动对雄性和雌性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠普通饲料和美味饮食（如高脂肪（HF）或高蔗糖（HS）饮食）摄入量的影响。实验1表明，急性轮转运动导致雄性大鼠强烈避免摄入HF或HS饮食。虽然有转轮的雌性大鼠最初完全避免这两种美味饮食，但对HS饮食的避免是短暂的。实验2表明，无论饮食和轮转运动的先后顺序如何，雄性大鼠对HF饮食的偏好都会降低。另一方面，雌性大鼠中与轮转运动相关的HF饮食偏好变化取决于测试时间表。在雌性大鼠中，同时提供HF饮食和轮转运动导致短暂完全避免摄入HF饮食，而在接触HF饮食之前的轮转运动经历并不影响对HF饮食的高度偏好。雌性大鼠卵巢切除后，在同时接触HF饮食和轮转运动时，其HF饮食偏好模式与雄性大鼠相似，但在HF饮食接触前进行轮转运动时，其偏好模式与完整雌性大鼠相似。总体而言，结果表明轮转运动与美味饮食偏好的变化有关，部分取决于性别。此外，卵巢激素在某些性别差异中起作用。这些数据揭示了运动相关的美味饮食偏好变化背后机制的复杂性。
