de Freitas Rosangela, Chuat Victoria, Madec Marie-Noelle, Nero Luis Augusto, Thierry Anne, Valence Florence, de Carvalho Antonio Fernandes
Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Brazil; INRA, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'OEuf, F-35042 Rennes, France; AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'OEuf, F-35042 Rennes, France; CentroInova Alimentos, CENTEV, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
INRA, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'OEuf, F-35042 Rennes, France; AGROCAMPUS OUEST, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'OEuf, F-35042 Rennes, France.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2015 Jun 16;203:70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 7.
Dairy propionibacteria are used as ripening cultures for the production of Swiss-type cheeses, and some strains have potential for use as probiotics. This study investigated the biodiversity of wild dairy Propionibacteria isolates in dairy farms that produce Swiss-type cheeses in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. RAPD and PFGE were used for molecular typing of strains and MLST was applied for phylogenetic analysis of strains of Propionibacterium freudenreichii. The results showed considerable genetic diversity of the wild dairy propionibacteria, since three of the main species were observed to be randomly distributed among the samples collected from different farms in different biotopes (raw milk, sillage, soil and pasture). Isolates from different farms showed distinct genetic profiles, suggesting that each location represented a specific niche. Furthermore, the STs identified for the strains of P. freudenreichii by MLST were not related to any specific origin. The environment of dairy farms and milk production proved to be a reservoir for Propionibacterium strains, which are important for future use as possible starter cultures or probiotics, as well as in the study of prevention of cheese defects.
乳源丙酸杆菌被用作生产瑞士型奶酪的成熟培养物，并且一些菌株有作为益生菌使用的潜力。本研究调查了巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州生产瑞士型奶酪的奶牛场中野生乳源丙酸杆菌分离株的生物多样性。随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）和脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）用于菌株的分子分型，多位点序列分型（MLST）用于费氏丙酸杆菌菌株的系统发育分析。结果显示野生乳源丙酸杆菌具有相当大的遗传多样性，因为在从不同生物栖息地（生牛奶、青贮饲料、土壤和牧场）的不同农场采集的样本中观察到三种主要菌种随机分布。来自不同农场的分离株显示出不同的遗传图谱，表明每个地点代表一个特定的生态位。此外，通过MLST鉴定的费氏丙酸杆菌菌株的序列类型（STs）与任何特定来源均无关联。事实证明，奶牛场环境和牛奶生产是丙酸杆菌菌株的一个储存库，这些菌株对于未来用作可能的发酵剂培养物或益生菌以及在奶酪缺陷预防研究中都很重要。
