Touré Gaoussou, Angoulangouli Ghislain, Méningaud Jean-Paul
Maxillofacial Surgery Department, 40, allée de la source, CHI LR Aubrac, Villeneuve Saint Georges, 94195 cedex Paris, France.
Maxillofacial Surgery Department, 40, allée de la source, CHI LR Aubrac, Villeneuve Saint Georges, 94195 cedex Paris, France.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2015 May;68(5):654-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.01.001. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
Dog bites are considered to be septic injuries, and their location on the face, with its highly symbolic topography and important social functions, is particularly pertinent. In addition to specific medical aspects, such as their psychological impact, they are also of relevance in terms of child protection measures. In light of the far-reaching importance of this subject, we were prompted to carry out a prospective study, over 13 years, to identify risk factors. Our results highlight specific risk factors, and they may hence assist with the implementation of concrete primary prevention measures against dog bites.
An information sheet was prepared and filled out during the intake of patients who had been bitten on the face. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info Version 6.04dfr software to find a correlation between the factors studied and the dog bite to the face.
Dog bites to the face represented 0.83% of the emergency admissions to our service. A considerable majority of these involved children, with 68.5% of patients <16 years of age, and 33.3% of patients aged between 2 and 5 years. The wounds were multiple and of variable severity. The type of dog involved was frequently a German Shepherd. Strikingly, 91.3% of bites had occurred in a single-parent environment.
Our study has determined that the fundamental factors that increase the probability of a dog bite to the face are as follows: the child being 2-5 years old, a single-parent context, and involvement of a German Shepherd-type dog.
犬咬伤被视为感染性损伤，而其发生在面部，鉴于面部具有高度象征性的形态及重要的社会功能，这一点尤为关键。除了诸如心理影响等特定医学方面，在儿童保护措施方面它们也具有相关性。鉴于该主题的深远重要性，我们开展了一项为期13年的前瞻性研究以确定风险因素。我们的结果突出了特定风险因素，因此可能有助于实施针对犬咬伤的具体一级预防措施。
准备了一份信息表，并在接诊面部被咬伤患者时填写。使用Epi Info 6.04dfr软件进行数据分析，以找出所研究因素与面部犬咬伤之间的相关性。
面部犬咬伤占我们科室急诊入院病例的0.83%。其中相当大比例涉及儿童，68.5%的患者年龄小于16岁，33.3%的患者年龄在2至5岁之间。伤口多处且严重程度不一。涉及的犬种经常是德国牧羊犬。引人注目的是，91.3%的咬伤发生在单亲家庭环境中。
我们的研究确定，增加面部犬咬伤可能性的基本因素如下：儿童年龄在2至5岁、单亲家庭环境以及涉及德国牧羊犬类型的犬。
