Kletting Peter, Schimmel Sebastian, Hänscheid Heribert, Luster Markus, Fernández Maria, Nosske Dietmar, Lassmann Michael, Glatting Gerhard
Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Z Med Phys. 2015 Sep;25(3):264-74. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2015.01.001. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
The aim of this work was the development of a software tool for treatment planning prior to molecular radiotherapy, which comprises all functionality to objectively determine the activity to administer and the pertaining absorbed doses (including the corresponding error) based on a series of gamma camera images and one SPECT/CT or probe data. NUKDOS was developed in MATLAB. The workflow is based on the MIRD formalism For determination of the tissue or organ pharmacokinetics, gamma camera images as well as probe, urine, serum and blood activity data can be processed. To estimate the time-integrated activity coefficients (TIAC), sums of exponentials are fitted to the time activity data and integrated analytically. To obtain the TIAC on the voxel level, the voxel activity distribution from the quantitative 3D SPECT/CT (or PET/CT) is used for scaling and weighting the TIAC derived from the 2D organ data. The voxel S-values are automatically calculated based on the voxel-size of the image and the therapeutic nuclide ((90)Y, (131)I or (177)Lu). The absorbed dose coefficients are computed by convolution of the voxel TIAC and the voxel S-values. The activity to administer and the pertaining absorbed doses are determined by entering the absorbed dose for the organ at risk. The overall error of the calculated absorbed doses is determined by Gaussian error propagation. NUKDOS was tested for the operation systems Windows(®) 7 (64 Bit) and 8 (64 Bit). The results of each working step were compared to commercially available (SAAMII, OLINDA/EXM) and in-house (UlmDOS) software. The application of the software is demonstrated using examples form peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and from radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid diseases. For the example from PRRT, the calculated activity to administer differed by 4% comparing NUKDOS and the final result using UlmDos, SAAMII and OLINDA/EXM sequentially. The absorbed dose for the spleen and tumour differed by 7% and 8%, respectively. The results from the example from radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid diseases and the example given in the latest corresponding SOP were identical. The implemented, objective methods facilitate accurate and reproducible results. The software is freely available.
这项工作的目的是开发一种用于分子放射治疗前治疗计划的软件工具，该工具具备所有功能，可根据一系列伽马相机图像以及一份单光子发射计算机断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（SPECT/CT）或探针数据，客观地确定给药活度及相关吸收剂量（包括相应误差）。NUKDOS是在MATLAB中开发的。工作流程基于医学内照射剂量（MIRD）形式体系。为了确定组织或器官的药代动力学，可以处理伽马相机图像以及探针、尿液、血清和血液活度数据。为了估计时间积分活度系数（TIAC），将指数和拟合到时间活度数据并进行解析积分。为了在体素水平上获得TIAC，定量三维SPECT/CT（或正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描，PET/CT）的体素活度分布用于对从二维器官数据得出的TIAC进行缩放和加权。体素S值根据图像的体素大小和治疗用核素（钇-90、碘-131或镥-177）自动计算。吸收剂量系数通过体素TIAC与体素S值的卷积计算得出。通过输入危及器官的吸收剂量来确定给药活度及相关吸收剂量。计算出的吸收剂量的总体误差通过高斯误差传播来确定。NUKDOS在Windows® 7（64位）和8（64位）操作系统上进行了测试。将每个工作步骤的结果与市售软件（SAAMII、OLINDA/EXM）和内部软件（UlmDOS）进行了比较。使用肽受体放射性核素治疗（PRRT）和良性甲状腺疾病放射性碘治疗的示例展示了该软件的应用。对于PRRT的示例，依次比较NUKDOS与使用UlmDos、SAAMII和OLINDA/EXM得出的最终结果，计算出的给药活度相差4%。脾脏和肿瘤的吸收剂量分别相差7%和8%。良性甲状腺疾病放射性碘治疗示例的结果与最新相应标准操作规程中的示例结果相同。所实施的客观方法有助于获得准确且可重复的结果。该软件可免费获取。
