Abdelall H F, ElGhamrawy T A, Helmy D
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2015;74(1):16-24. doi: 10.5603/FM.2015.0004.
Acrylamide (ACR) exposure is associated with neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity. The use of soy sauce as a condiment is common and it has been found that it possesses high antioxidant activity. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the protective role of dark soy sauce (DSS) against ACR-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Thirty-five adult male rats were divided into four groups: control, ACR given for 4 weeks, DSS given for 4 weeks before ACR, and DSS given with ACR for 4 weeks. The trigeminal ganglia and cerebellum were dissected and processed for histological staining with haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry for synaptophysin (SYP) and morphometric analysis.
In the trigeminal ganglia, ACR group showed central chromatolysis, degeneration and cell loss. DSS before ACR group had less marked changes in the neuronal architecture, while in ACR with DSS group, better preservation was observed. In the cerebellum, ACR group showed shrunken Purkinje cells and nuclear pyknosis. Spacing and dissociation between Purkinje layer and other layers was seen. DSS before ACR group showed few degenerated Purkinje cells with normal pattern of the other layers of cerebellar cortex. ACR with DSS group showed less disturbed cerebellar layers architecture. Cerebellar SYP immunoexpression and its area per cent were decreased in ACR group compared with the control. It increased in both DSS treated groups, specifically DSS concomitantly given with ACR.
ACR exerted marked cellular degenerative effects and administration of DSS and ACR at the same time had neuroprotective effect. DSS treatment before ACR exposure gave only marginal improvement.
丙烯酰胺（ACR）暴露与神经毒性、致癌性和生殖毒性相关。酱油作为一种调味品被广泛使用，并且已发现其具有高抗氧化活性。本研究的目的是评估老抽（DSS）对ACR诱导的大鼠神经毒性的保护作用。
35只成年雄性大鼠分为四组：对照组、给予ACR 4周组、在给予ACR前给予DSS 4周组、以及ACR与DSS同时给予4周组。解剖三叉神经节和小脑，进行苏木精-伊红组织学染色、突触素（SYP）免疫组织化学检测及形态计量分析。
在三叉神经节中，ACR组显示中央性染色质溶解、变性和细胞丢失。ACR前给予DSS组的神经元结构变化不明显，而ACR与DSS组观察到更好的保存情况。在小脑中，ACR组显示浦肯野细胞萎缩和核固缩。可见浦肯野层与其他层之间的间距和分离。ACR前给予DSS组显示少数浦肯野细胞变性，小脑皮质其他层结构正常。ACR与DSS组显示小脑各层结构受干扰较小。与对照组相比，ACR组小脑SYP免疫表达及其面积百分比降低。在两个DSS处理组中均升高，特别是ACR与DSS同时给予组。
ACR产生明显的细胞退行性作用，同时给予DSS和ACR具有神经保护作用。在ACR暴露前给予DSS治疗仅略有改善。
