Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2015 May 21;44(10):3056-78. doi: 10.1039/c4cs00478g. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Noble metal nanocrystals have been extensively utilized as promising catalysts for chemical transformations and energy conversion. One of their significant applications lies in electrode materials in fuel cells (FCs) due to their superior electrocatalytic performance towards the reactions both on anode and cathode. Nowadays, tremendous efforts have been devoted to improve the catalytic performance and minimize the usage of precious metals. Constructing multicomponent noble metal nanocrystals with complex structures provides the opportunity to reach this goal due to their highly tunable compositions and morphologies, leading to the modification of the related electrochemical properties. In this review, we first highlight the recent advances in the controllable synthesis of noble metal alloy complex nanostructures including nanoframes/nanocages, branched structures, concave/convex structures, core-shell structures and ultrathin structures. Then the effects of the well-defined nanocrystals on the modified and improved electrochemical properties are outlined. Finally, we make a conclusion with the points on the challenges and perspectives of the controllable synthesis of noble metal alloy complex nanostructures and their electrocatalytic performance.
贵金属纳米晶作为化学转化和能量转换的有前途的催化剂得到了广泛的应用。它们在燃料电池 (FC) 中的电极材料中的一个重要应用是由于它们对阳极和阴极反应具有优异的电催化性能。如今，人们致力于提高催化性能和尽量减少贵金属的使用。由于具有高度可调的组成和形态，构建具有复杂结构的多组分贵金属纳米晶为实现这一目标提供了机会，从而改变了相关的电化学性能。在这篇综述中，我们首先强调了可控合成贵金属合金复合纳米结构的最新进展，包括纳米框架/纳米笼、分支结构、凹凸结构、核壳结构和超薄结构。然后概述了这些具有明确形貌的纳米晶对电化学性能的改进和提高的影响。最后，我们对可控合成贵金属合金复合纳米结构及其电催化性能的挑战和展望进行了总结。
