Khan Sumera Afzal, Mehmood Saadat, Shabbir Sohaib Bin, Ali Sajid, Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad, Albeshr Mohammed Fahad, Hamayun Muhammad
Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Microorganisms. 2023 Mar 9;11(3):703. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030703.
Industrial effluents result in water pollution and affect the biological activity of aquatic and terrestrial life. In this study, efficient fungal strains were isolated from the aquatic environment and identified as (SN8c) and (SN40b). The isolates were selected based on their potential to efficiently decolorize and detoxify Remazol brilliant blue (RBB) dye, which is extensively used in different industries. Initially, a total of 70 different fungal isolates were screened. Among these, 19 isolates demonstrated dye decolorization capabilities, and SN8c and SN40b revealed the highest decolorization capabilities in liquid medium. The maximum estimated decolorization for SN8c was 91.3% and for SN40b, 84.5% at 40 mg/L of RBB dye in the presence of glucose (1 gm/L), after 5 days of incubation at different levels of pH, temperature, nutrient source, and concentration. RBB dye decolorization using SN8c and SN40b isolates was at a maximum of 99% at pH 3-5, whereas minimum decolorization was recorded as 71.29% and 73.4% SN8c, respectively, at pH 11. The maximum decolorization of the dye was 93% and 90.9% in a defined glucose concentration of 1 gm/L, and a 63.01% decrease was recorded in the decolorization activity at a low level of glucose concentration (0.2 gm/L). Finally, the decolorization and degradation were detected using UV spectrometry and HPLC. Toxicity tests of pure dye and treated dye samples were checked against the seed germination of different plants and the larvae mortality of . This study revealed that indigenous aquatic fungal flora can recover contaminated sites and support aquatic and terrestrial life.
工业废水导致水污染，并影响水生生物和陆地生物的生物活性。在本研究中，从水生环境中分离出高效真菌菌株，并鉴定为（SN8c）和（SN40b）。这些分离菌株是根据它们对广泛应用于不同行业的活性艳蓝（RBB）染料进行高效脱色和解毒的潜力来选择的。最初，共筛选了70种不同的真菌分离菌株。其中，19种分离菌株表现出染料脱色能力，SN8c和SN40b在液体培养基中显示出最高的脱色能力。在不同pH值、温度、营养源和浓度条件下培养5天后，在含有葡萄糖（1克/升）的情况下，当RBB染料浓度为40毫克/升时，SN8c的最大估计脱色率为91.3%，SN40b为84.5%。使用SN8c和SN40b分离菌株对RBB染料进行脱色，在pH值为3至5时脱色率最高可达99%，而在pH值为11时，SN8c和SN40b的最低脱色率分别记录为71.29%和73.4%。在葡萄糖浓度为1克/升的特定条件下，染料的最大脱色率分别为93%和90.9%，而在低葡萄糖浓度（0.2克/升）下，脱色活性下降了63.01%。最后，使用紫外光谱法和高效液相色谱法检测脱色和降解情况。针对不同植物的种子发芽率和（某种生物）的幼虫死亡率，对纯染料和处理后的染料样品进行了毒性测试。本研究表明，本地水生真菌菌群可以恢复受污染的场地，并支持水生生物和陆地生物的生存。
