Ariel University.
Psychol Trauma. 2015 Mar;7(2):187-94. doi: 10.1037/a0037006. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
The aversive impact of combat and parents' combat-induced posttraumatic stress disorder on young children has been examined in a few studies. However, the long-term toll of war captivity on secondary traumatization (ST) and the mediating role of differentiation of the self remain unknown. This study examined ST symptoms and differentiation of the self (DS) among adult children of former prisoners of war (ex-POW's children) who were compared with adult children of comparable veterans (controls' children). Furthermore, I examined the mediating role of DS dimensions in the association between exposure to stress and ST symptoms. Participants were Israeli ex-POW's children (n = 98) and controls' children (n = 90), whose fathers fought in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Results showed that ex-POW's children reported a higher number of ST symptoms and lower levels of emotional cutoff differentiation compared with controls' children. Emotional cutoff was also found to mediate the association between research group and ST symptoms. Among ex-POW's children, emotional cutoff and emotional reactivity dimensions mediated the association between exposure to stress stemming from fathers' behaviors and ST symptoms. Forty years after the war ended, the experience of living with ex-POWs is associated with ex-POW's children ST symptoms.
一些研究已经考察了战斗和父母因战斗而引发的创伤后应激障碍对幼儿的负面影响。然而，战争囚禁对二次创伤（ST）的长期影响以及自我分化的中介作用仍然未知。本研究考察了战争中前战俘（前战俘的子女）的成年子女的 ST 症状和自我分化（DS），并将其与具有可比性的退伍军人的成年子女（对照组子女）进行了比较。此外，我还考察了 DS 维度在压力暴露与 ST 症状之间的关系中的中介作用。参与者是以色列的前战俘的子女（n=98）和对照组子女（n=90），他们的父亲在 1973 年赎罪日战争中参战。结果表明，与对照组子女相比，前战俘的子女报告的 ST 症状更多，情绪分离的分化程度更低。情绪分离也被发现可以中介研究组与 ST 症状之间的关系。在前战俘的子女中，情绪分离和情绪反应维度中介了源于父亲行为的应激暴露与 ST 症状之间的关系。在战争结束 40 年后，与前战俘一起生活的经历与前战俘子女的 ST 症状有关。
