Fearnside Philip M
Department of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Av. André Araújo 2936, Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil,
Ambio. 2015 Sep;44(5):426-39. doi: 10.1007/s13280-015-0642-z. Epub 2015 Mar 21.
Brazil plans to build 43 "large" dams (>30 MW) in the Tapajós Basin, ten of which are priorities for completion by 2022. Impacts include flooding indigenous lands and conservation units. The Tapajós River and two tributaries (the Juruena and Teles Pires Rivers) are also the focus of plans for waterways to transport soybeans from Mato Grosso to ports on the Amazon River. Dams would allow barges to pass rapids and waterfalls. The waterway plans require dams in a continuous chain, including the Chacorão Dam that would flood 18,700 ha of the Munduruku Indigenous Land. Protections in Brazil's constitution and legislation and in international conventions are easily neutralized through application of "security suspensions," as has already occurred during licensing of several dams currently under construction in the Tapajós Basin. Few are aware of "security suspensions," resulting in little impetus to change these laws.
巴西计划在塔帕若斯河流域建造43座“大型”水坝（超过30兆瓦），其中10座是到2022年要优先建成的。其影响包括淹没原住民土地和保护区。塔帕若斯河及其两条支流（茹鲁埃纳河和特莱斯皮雷斯河）也是将大豆从马托格罗索州运往亚马逊河港口的水路运输计划的重点。水坝将使驳船能够通过急流和瀑布。水路运输计划要求建造一系列连贯的水坝，包括查科朗水坝，该水坝将淹没1.87万公顷的蒙杜鲁库原住民土地。巴西宪法、法律以及国际公约中的保护措施，通过实施“安全暂停令”很容易就被抵消了，目前在塔帕若斯河流域正在建设的几座水坝在许可过程中就已经出现了这种情况。很少有人了解“安全暂停令”，因此几乎没有推动修改这些法律的动力。
