Zametkin A J, Karoum F, Linnoila M, Rapoport J L, Brown G L, Chuang L W, Wyatt R J
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985 Mar;42(3):251-5. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790260045005.
Children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity were given either methylphenidate hydrochloride or dextroamphetamine sulfate to compare the effects on urinary excretion of catecholamines, indoleamines, and phenylethylamine (PEA). Methylphenidate's effects were distinctly different from those of dextroamphetamine. After methylphenidate administration, both norepinephrine (NE) and normetanephrine (NMN) concentrations were significantly elevated, and there was a 22% increase in excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG). In contrast, after dextroamphetamine treatment, MHPG excretion was significantly reduced and NE and NMN values were unchanged. Excretion of dopamine and metabolites was unchanged by either drug. Urinary PEA excretion was not significantly changed after methylphenidate treatment, but increased 1,600% in response to dextroamphetamine. Methylphenidate treatment did not significantly alter serotonin or 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion. Effects of dextroamphetamine were not tested.
对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童给予盐酸哌甲酯或硫酸右苯丙胺，以比较它们对儿茶酚胺、吲哚胺和苯乙胺（PEA）尿排泄的影响。哌甲酯的作用与右苯丙胺明显不同。服用哌甲酯后，去甲肾上腺素（NE）和去甲变肾上腺素（NMN）浓度均显著升高，3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇（MHPG）排泄增加22%。相比之下，右苯丙胺治疗后，MHPG排泄显著减少，NE和NMN值未改变。两种药物均未改变多巴胺及其代谢产物的排泄。哌甲酯治疗后尿PEA排泄无显著变化，但右苯丙胺使其增加了1600%。哌甲酯治疗未显著改变血清素或5-羟基吲哚乙酸的排泄。未测试右苯丙胺的作用。
