Hirose Nozomi, Kawabata Yuko, Kawabata Fuminori, Nishimura Shotaro, Tabata Shoji
Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 May 1;460(2):464-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.056. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Clarification of the mechanism of the sense of taste in chickens will provide information useful for creating and improving new feedstuffs for chickens, because the character of the taste receptors in oral tissues affects feeding behavior in animals. In this study, we focused on the sensitivity to bitterness in chickens. We cloned one of the bitter taste receptors, T2R1, from the chicken palate, constructed several biosensor-cells expressing chicken T2R1 (cT2R1), and determined a highly sensitive biosensor of cT2R1 among them. By using Ca(2+) imaging methods, we identified two agonists of cT2R1, dextromethorphan (Dex) and diphenidol (Dip). Dex was a new agonist of cT2R1 that was more potent than Dip. In a behavioral drinking study, the intake volumes of solutions of these compounds were significantly lower than that of water in chickens. These aversive concentrations were identical to the concentrations that could activate cT2R1 in a cell-based assay. These results suggest that the cT2R1 activities induced by these agonists are linked to behavioral sensitivity to bitterness in chickens.
阐明鸡的味觉机制将为开发和改良鸡用新型饲料提供有用信息，因为口腔组织中味觉受体的特性会影响动物的摄食行为。在本研究中，我们聚焦于鸡对苦味的敏感性。我们从鸡的上颚克隆了一种苦味受体T2R1，构建了多个表达鸡T2R1（cT2R1）的生物传感器细胞，并在其中确定了一种对cT2R1高度敏感的生物传感器。通过使用Ca(2+)成像方法，我们鉴定出cT2R1的两种激动剂，右美沙芬（Dex）和地芬尼多（Dip）。Dex是一种比Dip更有效的新型cT2R1激动剂。在一项行为饮水研究中，这些化合物溶液在鸡中的摄入量显著低于水的摄入量。这些厌恶浓度与在基于细胞的试验中能够激活cT2R1的浓度相同。这些结果表明，这些激动剂诱导的cT2R1活性与鸡对苦味的行为敏感性相关。
