Mandic Sandra, Body Dianne, Barclay Leanne, Walker Robert, Nye Edwin R, Grace Sherry L, Williams Michael J A
Active Living Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Heart Lung Circ. 2015 Jul;24(7):710-8. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.01.014. Epub 2015 Feb 16.
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) graduates are encouraged to attend maintenance programs to promote long-term physical activity and preserve gains in function. This study describes the characteristics, attendance and physical function of community-based maintenance CR participants, compared to primary prevention participants.
In this cross-sectional study, participants from two programs in New Zealand completed an interview, anthropometry, functional assessments (walking tests, chair stand test, handgrip strength), a 12-month physical activity recall, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test (subsample only). Attendance was ascertained from club records.
Participants (n=101, 55.4% Secondary Prevention) attended 37.4±27.9% of sessions annually. Participants were predominately New Zealand-European (93.5%), retired (80.2%), married (68.3%) elderly individuals, with musculoskeletal problems (60.0%), who lived proximate to the clubs. In Secondary but not Primary Prevention participants, first-year attendance was strongly correlated with attendance in subsequent years (p<0.001). In all participants, greater attendance in the previous 12 months was significantly associated with lower waist circumference, and greater shuttle walk test duration, chair stands and balance (p<.05). Session attendance was positively correlated to peak oxygen consumption (p=0.041) in Secondary Prevention participants only.
Participation in community-based CR maintenance programs is associated with health benefits but these programs are not accessed by a diversity of patients.
鼓励心脏康复（CR）结业者参加维持项目，以促进长期身体活动并保持功能改善。本研究描述了与初级预防参与者相比，社区维持性CR参与者的特征、参与情况和身体功能。
在这项横断面研究中，来自新西兰两个项目的参与者完成了一次访谈、人体测量、功能评估（步行测试、坐立试验、握力测试）、12个月的身体活动回顾以及一次心肺运动测试（仅对部分样本）。参与情况通过俱乐部记录确定。
参与者（n = 101，55.4%为二级预防）每年参加37.4±27.9%的课程。参与者主要是新西兰欧洲裔（93.5%）、退休人员（80.2%）、已婚（68.3%）的老年人，有肌肉骨骼问题（60.0%），居住在俱乐部附近。在二级预防而非初级预防参与者中，第一年的参与情况与随后几年的参与情况密切相关（p < 0.001）。在所有参与者中，前12个月参与课程较多与腰围较低、往返步行测试持续时间较长、坐立次数较多和平衡能力较强显著相关（p < 0.05）。仅在二级预防参与者中，课程参与情况与峰值耗氧量呈正相关（p = 0.041）。
参与社区CR维持项目与健康益处相关，但这些项目并未被各类患者所利用。
