Vorria Panayiota, Ntouma Maria, Rutter Michael
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.
King's College London.
Dev Psychopathol. 2015 Aug;27(3):859-66. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000243. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
The aim of the study was to examine possible influences on individual differences in adolescence in response to early institutional care in infancy not involving either generalized privation or subnutrition. Fifty-two adopted adolescents aged 13 years who received institutional care in infancy at the Metera Babies Centre and 36 adolescents of the same age who were raised in their biological families participated in the study. Adolescents' attachment relationships, cognition, behavioral adjustment and use of psychological services were assessed. Marked heterogeneity in outcomes was found. No predictive effects were found for preinstitutional features or for adoptive circumstances. By contrast a large effect was found for institutional care extending beyond the age of 2 years and for quality of institutional care as experienced at an individual level. There was a close association between prolonged institutional care and disorganized attachment while in the institution, but the main institutional effect derived from the length of time in the institution.
该研究的目的是考察婴儿期早期机构照料（不涉及普遍贫困或营养不良）对青少年个体差异的可能影响。52名13岁的领养青少年参与了该研究，他们在婴儿期曾在梅特拉婴儿中心接受机构照料，另有36名同年龄的青少年在亲生家庭中长大并参与了研究。研究评估了青少年的依恋关系、认知、行为调适以及心理服务的使用情况。研究发现结果存在显著的异质性。未发现机构照料前的特征或领养环境具有预测作用。相比之下，发现两岁以后的机构照料以及个体层面所体验到的机构照料质量具有较大影响。在机构照料期间，长期机构照料与紊乱型依恋之间存在密切关联，但主要的机构照料影响源自于在机构中的时间长度。
