Dorjee Dusana, Lally Níall, Darrall-Rew Jonathan, Thierry Guillaume
School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, UK.
School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, UK; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, WC1N 3AR, UK.
Neurosci Res. 2015 Aug;97:45-51. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Initial research shows that mindfulness training can enhance attention and modulate the affective response. However, links between mindfulness and language processing remain virtually unexplored despite the prominent role of overt and silent negative ruminative speech in depressive and anxiety-related symptomatology. Here, we measured dispositional mindfulness and recorded participants' event-related brain potential responses to positive and negative target words preceded by words congruent or incongruent with the targets in terms of semantic relatedness and emotional valence. While the low mindfulness group showed similar N400 effect pattern for positive and negative targets, high dispositional mindfulness was associated with larger N400 effect to negative targets. This result suggests that negative meanings are less readily accessible in people with high dispositional mindfulness. Furthermore, high dispositional mindfulness was associated with reduced P600 amplitudes to emotional words, suggesting less post-analysis and attentional effort which possibly relates to a lower inclination to ruminate. Overall, these findings provide initial evidence on associations between modifications in language systems and mindfulness.
初步研究表明，正念训练可以提高注意力并调节情感反应。然而，尽管在抑郁和焦虑相关症状中，公开和沉默的消极反刍性言语起着重要作用，但正念与语言处理之间的联系实际上仍未得到探索。在此，我们测量了特质正念，并记录了参与者对与目标词在语义相关性和情感效价方面一致或不一致的词之前呈现的积极和消极目标词的事件相关脑电位反应。低正念组对积极和消极目标呈现出相似的N400效应模式，而高特质正念与对消极目标更大的N400效应相关。这一结果表明，在高特质正念的人群中，消极意义较难被获取。此外，高特质正念与对情感词的P600波幅降低相关，这表明后期分析和注意力投入较少，这可能与较低的反刍倾向有关。总体而言，这些发现为语言系统变化与正念之间的关联提供了初步证据。
