Suvanbekov Akbar, Kitarova Gulzhan, Reyer Joshua A, Hamajima Nobuyuki
Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan ; Republican Center for Health System Development and Informational Technology, Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrygz Republic.
Republican Center for Health System Development and Informational Technology, Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrygz Republic.
Nagoya J Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(1-2):179-88.
Measles is one of the most severe infectious diseases of childhood, and one of the major causes of mortali-ty, especially in developing countries. Despite rare measles outbreaks in recent years, Kyrgyzstan seeks to show its commitment towards the global anti-measles campaign. The aim of this article is to summarize the scattered information on the recent status of measles, valid surveillance system, and measles elimination strategies in Kyrgyzstan, based on sources that include non-confidential but usually inaccessible governmental data. Infor-mation was extracted from the reports to the Ministry of Health and documents on the national surveillance system, in addition to outbreak cases extracted from the Republican Infectious Diseases Hospital's archive. To tackle the worsening measles situation in Kyrgyzstan, the Ministry of Health established the Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis in 1994. Measles related death, which was rampant up until 1992, has not been registered since 2000 due to improved routine vaccination coverage, increasing from 88% in 1994 to 97% and over in 1997. The national surveillance system was modernized thanks to the World Health Organization, helping to detect measles cases and prevent major outbreaks. The system identified 222 cases in the outbreak of 2011, and the case cards in the hospital provided the findings of 69 admitted cases (42 infants, 22 children aged 1 to 14 years, and 5 aged 15 years or over), including 32 severe cases. This article provides a whole view on measles in Kyrgyzstan, which would be useful to control measles worldwide.
麻疹是儿童期最严重的传染病之一，也是主要死因之一，在发展中国家尤为如此。尽管近年来麻疹疫情罕见，但吉尔吉斯斯坦仍致力于全球抗麻疹运动。本文旨在基于包括非机密但通常难以获取的政府数据在内的资料来源，总结吉尔吉斯斯坦麻疹近期状况、有效监测系统及麻疹消除策略的零散信息。除了从共和国传染病医院档案中提取的疫情病例外，信息还从提交给卫生部的报告以及国家监测系统的文件中提取。为应对吉尔吉斯斯坦日益恶化的麻疹形势，卫生部于1994年设立了共和国免疫预防中心。由于常规疫苗接种覆盖率提高，从1994年的88%增至1997年的97%及以上，1992年前猖獗的麻疹相关死亡自2000年起未再登记。在世界卫生组织的帮助下，国家监测系统实现了现代化，有助于发现麻疹病例并预防重大疫情。该系统在2011年疫情中确认了222例病例，医院的病例卡提供了69例住院病例（42名婴儿、22名1至14岁儿童和5名15岁及以上患者）的调查结果，其中包括32例重症病例。本文全面介绍了吉尔吉斯斯坦的麻疹情况，对全球控制麻疹将有所帮助。
