MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1997 Sep 26;46(38):893-7.
In 1989, the World Health Assembly resolved to reduce measles morbidity by 90% and measles mortality by 95% by 1995, compared with disease burden during the prevaccine era. By 1996, the estimated incidence and death rates for measles worldwide were reduced by 78% and 88%, respectively. In 1990, the World Summit for Children adopted a goal of vaccinating 90% of children against measles by 2000. However, routine measles vaccination coverage has remained relatively stable since 1990, and an estimated 1 million children continue to die from this preventable disease each year. During the 1990s, the widespread use of innovative measles-control strategies in the Region of the Americas and countries such as Mongolia, South Africa, and the United Kingdom demonstrated that high-level measles control and even interruption of transmission is feasible over large geographic areas. This report updates the status of measles control and elimination worldwide and includes disease surveillance and vaccination coverage data received by the World Health Organization (WHO) headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, as of August 29, 1997. These findings indicate that, in some regions, substantial progress has been made to control and interrupt measles transmission; in others, measles continues to cause high morbidity and mortality because of failure to implement measles-control strategies.
1989年，世界卫生大会决定到1995年将麻疹发病率与疫苗接种前时代的疾病负担相比降低90%，将麻疹死亡率降低95%。到1996年，全球麻疹估计发病率和死亡率分别降低了78%和88%。1990年，世界儿童问题首脑会议通过了到2000年为90%的儿童接种麻疹疫苗的目标。然而，自1990年以来，麻疹常规疫苗接种覆盖率一直相对稳定，估计每年仍有100万儿童死于这种可预防的疾病。在20世纪90年代，美洲区域以及蒙古、南非和联合王国等国家广泛采用创新的麻疹控制策略，表明在大片地理区域内实现高水平的麻疹控制甚至阻断传播是可行的。本报告更新了全球麻疹控制和消除的现状，并包括截至1997年8月29日瑞士日内瓦世界卫生组织（世卫组织）总部收到的疾病监测和疫苗接种覆盖率数据。这些结果表明，在一些地区，在控制和阻断麻疹传播方面已取得重大进展；而在其他地区，由于未能实施麻疹控制策略，麻疹继续导致高发病率和高死亡率。
