Khalil Abdelmonem M
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2015 Jun;116:137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.03.010. Epub 2015 Mar 21.
Chlorpyrifos is a widely used organophosphorous pesticide in agriculture and environmental health. Laboratory studies of chlorpyrifos have revealed acute lethal toxicity at very low concentration (96-h LC50) of 0.39 μg L(-1) to the freshwater snail, Lanistes carinatus. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition progressed and reached 52% and 78% of the control after 28-d exposure to 0.09 and 0.29 μg L(-1) chlorpyrifos, respectively. Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities increased in comparison to control group in the first period of exposure (7-21 d), then decreased relative to the control in the second period of exposure (21-28 d). A significant (p<0.05) glutathione (GSH) depletion was observed in snails exposed to 0.09 and 0.29 μg L(-1) in comparison to the control, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content gradually increased in a dose-dependent manner. This study showed that alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities along with depletion of GSH content and elevation of MDA content can be used as biomarkers in environmental assessment programs.
毒死蜱是一种在农业和环境卫生领域广泛使用的有机磷农药。对毒死蜱的实验室研究表明，其对淡水蜗牛卡里纳椎实螺的急性致死毒性在极低浓度（96小时半数致死浓度）下为0.39微克/升。在分别暴露于0.09和0.29微克/升毒死蜱28天后，乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）抑制作用增强，分别达到对照组的52%和78%。在暴露的第一阶段（7 - 21天），过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）的活性相较于对照组有所增加，而在暴露的第二阶段（21 - 28天）相对于对照组则有所下降。与对照组相比，在暴露于0.09和0.29微克/升的蜗牛中观察到显著（p<0.05）的谷胱甘肽（GSH）消耗，而丙二醛（MDA）含量则呈剂量依赖性逐渐增加。这项研究表明，抗氧化酶活性的改变以及GSH含量的消耗和MDA含量的升高可作为环境评估项目中的生物标志物。
