Thorne Marc C, Garetz Susan L
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Paediatric Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Health System, 1540 East Hospital drive SPC 4241, CW-5-702, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-4241.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2016 Jan;17:3-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Feb 28.
Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in neonates and infants. Associated feeding difficulties are present in approximately half of the children. A definitive diagnosis can generally be made with flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy. The disorder is most often self-limited with resolution of symptoms within the first 24 months of life, and the majority of children can thus be managed conservatively. The approximately 5%-20% of children with severe or refractory disease may require more aggressive intervention, most commonly in the form of trans-oral supraglottoplasty [1,2]. High success rates and a low rate of complications have been reported for this procedure in otherwise healthy children. Children with syndromes or medical comorbidities are more likely to have complications or persistent symptoms after supraglottoplasty and may require additional interventions.
喉软化症是新生儿和婴儿喘鸣最常见的原因。约半数患儿伴有喂养困难。一般通过可弯曲纤维喉镜检查可明确诊断。这种疾病通常具有自限性，症状在出生后的头24个月内会自行缓解，因此大多数患儿可采用保守治疗。约5%-20%患有严重或难治性疾病的患儿可能需要更积极的干预措施，最常见的形式是经口声门上成形术[1,2]。据报道，在其他方面健康的儿童中，该手术成功率高且并发症发生率低。患有综合征或有内科合并症的儿童在声门上成形术后更有可能出现并发症或持续症状，可能需要额外的干预措施。
