Okello Anna L, Burniston Stephanie, Conlan James V, Inthavong Phouth, Khamlome Boualam, Welburn Susan C, Gilbert Jeffrey, Allen John, Blacksell Stuart D
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 May;92(5):1059-1066. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0551. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
The increasing intensification of pork production in southeast Asia necessitates an urgent requirement to better understand the dual impact of pig-associated zoonotic disease on both pig production and human health in the region. Sharing porous borders with five countries and representing many regional ethnicities and agricultural practices, the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) appears well placed to gauge the levels of pig-associated zoonoses circulating in the wider region. Despite this, little is known about the true impact of zoonotic pathogens such as leptospirosis, Trichinella, hepatitis E virus (HEV), Japanese encephalitis (JE), and Taenia solium on human health and livestock production in the country. A comprehensive review of the published prevalences of these five pig-associated zoonoses in Lao PDR has demonstrated that although suspicion remains high of their existence in pig reservoirs across the country, epidemiological data are scarce; only 31 epidemiological studies have been undertaken on these diseases in the past 25 years. A greater understanding of the zoonoses prevalence and subsequent risks associated with pork production in the southeast Asian region could help focus public health and food safety interventions at key points along the value chain, benefiting both livestock producers and the broader animal and human health systems in the region.
东南亚猪肉生产集约化程度不断提高，因此迫切需要更好地了解猪相关人畜共患病对该地区生猪生产和人类健康的双重影响。老挝人民民主共和国（老挝）与五个国家接壤，边境管控不严，且存在多种区域民族和农业生产方式，似乎很适合评估更广泛区域内猪相关人畜共患病的传播程度。尽管如此，对于钩端螺旋体病、旋毛虫、戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）、日本脑炎（JE）和猪带绦虫等人畜共患病原体对该国人类健康和牲畜生产的实际影响，人们却知之甚少。对老挝这五种猪相关人畜共患病已发表的流行率进行的全面综述表明，尽管人们仍高度怀疑这些疾病在该国各地的猪宿主中存在，但流行病学数据却很匮乏；在过去25年里，针对这些疾病仅开展了31项流行病学研究。更深入了解东南亚地区人畜共患病的流行情况以及与猪肉生产相关的后续风险，有助于将公共卫生和食品安全干预措施集中在价值链的关键点上，使牲畜生产者以及该地区更广泛的动物和人类健康系统都受益。
