Baldauf Keegan J, Royal Joshua M, Hamorsky Krystal Teasley, Matoba Nobuyuki
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY 42303, USA.
Toxins (Basel). 2015 Mar 20;7(3):974-96. doi: 10.3390/toxins7030974.
Cholera, a waterborne acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, remains prevalent in underdeveloped countries and is a serious health threat to those living in unsanitary conditions. The major virulence factor is cholera toxin (CT), which consists of two subunits: the A subunit (CTA) and the B subunit (CTB). CTB is a 55 kD homopentameric, non-toxic protein binding to the GM1 ganglioside on mammalian cells with high affinity. Currently, recombinantly produced CTB is used as a component of an internationally licensed oral cholera vaccine, as the protein induces potent humoral immunity that can neutralize CT in the gut. Additionally, recent studies have revealed that CTB administration leads to the induction of anti-inflammatory mechanisms in vivo. This review will cover the potential of CTB as an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent. We will also summarize various recombinant expression systems available for recombinant CTB bioproduction.
霍乱是一种由霍乱弧菌引起的经水传播的急性腹泻病，在不发达国家仍然流行，对生活在卫生条件差的环境中的人们构成严重的健康威胁。主要毒力因子是霍乱毒素（CT），它由两个亚基组成：A亚基（CTA）和B亚基（CTB）。CTB是一种55kD的同五聚体无毒蛋白，能以高亲和力与哺乳动物细胞上的GM1神经节苷脂结合。目前，重组生产的CTB被用作国际许可的口服霍乱疫苗的一个成分，因为该蛋白能诱导强大的体液免疫，可在肠道中中和CT。此外，最近的研究表明，给予CTB会在体内诱导抗炎机制。本综述将涵盖CTB作为免疫调节和抗炎剂的潜力。我们还将总结可用于重组CTB生物生产的各种重组表达系统。
