Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, ECS 347, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler St., EC 2100, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jul 1;520:81-95. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.094. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
Ecosystems of Florida Everglades are highly sensitive to phosphorus loading. Future restoration efforts, which focus on restoring Everglades water flows, may pose a threat to the health of these ecosystems. To determine the fate and transport of total phosphorus and evaluate proposed Everglades restoration, a water quality model has been developed using the hydrodynamic results from the M3ENP (Mike Marsh Model of Everglades National Park)--a physically-based hydrological numerical model which uses MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 software. Using advection-dispersion with reactive transport for the model, parameters were optimized and phosphorus loading in the overland water column was modeled with good accuracy (60%). The calibrated M3ENP-AD model was then modified to include future bridge construction and canal water level changes, which have shown to increase flows into ENP. These bridge additions increased total dissolved phosphorus (TP) load downstream in Shark Slough and decreased TP load in downstream Taylor Slough. However, there was a general decrease in TP concentration and TP mass per area over the entire model domain. The M3ENP-AD model has determined the mechanisms for TP transport and quantified the impacts of ENP restoration efforts on the spatial-temporal distribution of phosphorus transport. This tool can be used to guide future Everglades restoration decisions.
佛罗里达州大沼泽地的生态系统对磷负荷非常敏感。未来的恢复工作侧重于恢复大沼泽地的水流，但这可能会对这些生态系统的健康构成威胁。为了确定总磷的归宿和运移，并评估拟议的大沼泽地恢复情况，我们使用了基于物理的水文数值模型 M3ENP（大沼泽地国家公园的 Mike Marsh 模型）的水动力结果开发了一个水质模型。该模型采用对流-弥散与反应输运相结合的方法，对模型进行了优化，并对地表水中的磷负荷进行了建模，具有较高的精度（60%）。然后，对经过校准的 M3ENP-AD 模型进行了修改，以纳入未来的桥梁建设和运河水位变化，这些变化已被证明会增加进入 ENP 的流量。这些桥梁的增加增加了 Shark Slough 下游的总溶解磷（TP）负荷，并减少了下游 Taylor Slough 的 TP 负荷。然而，整个模型域的 TP 浓度和 TP 质量与面积比普遍下降。M3ENP-AD 模型确定了 TP 运输的机制，并量化了 ENP 恢复工作对磷运输时空分布的影响。该工具可用于指导未来大沼泽地的恢复决策。
