Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Austria.
Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2012 Mar;1(1):14-25. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2011.11.02.
It is now widely accepted that tumor-angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumor growth, tumor propagation and metastasis formation. Among several angiogenic activators, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors represent one of the major inducers of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, this system has become the focus of therapeutic interventions, which led to the approval of the anti-VEGF blocking antibody bevacizumab and the VEGFR-2 pathway inhibitors pazopanib, sorafenib and sunitinib. However, not every cancer patient benefits from such treatment or finally becomes resistant to anti-VEGF approaches; others are suffering from adverse effects. Thus, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of VEGF-independent mechanisms leading to angiogenesis in cancer. This review focuses on anti-VEGF escape mechanisms of tumor cells and its microenvironment.
现在人们普遍认为肿瘤血管生成在肿瘤生长、肿瘤传播和转移形成中起着关键作用。在几种血管生成激活剂中，血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 及其受体是肿瘤血管生成的主要诱导剂之一。因此，该系统已成为治疗干预的焦点，这导致了抗 VEGF 阻断抗体贝伐珠单抗和 VEGFR-2 通路抑制剂帕唑帕尼、索拉非尼和舒尼替尼的批准。然而，并非每个癌症患者都能从这种治疗中受益，或者最终对抗 VEGF 方法产生耐药性，还有一些患者会出现不良反应。因此，迫切需要更好地了解导致癌症血管生成的 VEGF 非依赖性机制。本文重点介绍肿瘤细胞及其微环境的抗 VEGF 逃逸机制。
