Song Jingjing, Jiao Yanmei, Zhang Tong, Zhang Yonghong, Huang Xiaojie, Li Hongjun, Wu Hao
Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 25;10(3):e0121011. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121011. eCollection 2015.
Over 95% of CD4 cell death occurs by Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis during HIV infection. Caspase-3-mediated apoptosis accounts for the death in a small proportion of infected CD4 cells. To date, there have been no reports on the dynamics of Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 and their relationship with disease progression in acute HIV-1 infection. In this study, two distinct HIV-1 patient groups were enrolled. The CD4High group maintained a CD4 level above 450 cells/μl while CD4 levels in the CD4Low group dropped below 250 cells/μl within 2 years after infection. Blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 and 24 months after HIV infection. Plasma Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 levels in the two patients groups were determined by a single-step ELISA using commercially available monoclonal antibodies. The results showed that Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 levels in the CD4High group increased rapidly and then decreased within a short time during early HIV-1 infection. In contrast, Caspase-1 and Caspase-3 levels in the CD4Low group were obviously increased after 1 year of HIV-1 infection.
在HIV感染期间，超过95%的CD4细胞死亡是由半胱天冬酶-1介导的细胞焦亡所致。半胱天冬酶-3介导的细胞凋亡仅占一小部分受感染CD4细胞死亡的原因。迄今为止，尚无关于急性HIV-1感染过程中半胱天冬酶-1和半胱天冬酶-3的动态变化及其与疾病进展关系的报道。在本研究中，招募了两组不同的HIV-1患者。CD4高组的CD4水平维持在450个细胞/微升以上，而CD4低组的CD4水平在感染后2年内降至250个细胞/微升以下。在HIV感染后的1、2、3、4、6、12和24个月采集血样。使用市售单克隆抗体通过一步ELISA法测定两组患者血浆中的半胱天冬酶-1和半胱天冬酶-3水平。结果显示，在HIV-1感染早期，CD4高组的半胱天冬酶-1和半胱天冬酶-3水平迅速升高，随后在短时间内下降。相比之下，HIV-1感染1年后，CD4低组的半胱天冬酶-1和半胱天冬酶-3水平明显升高。
