Pfefferbaum A, Ford J M, Weller B J, Kopell B S
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1985 May;60(5):423-34. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(85)91017-x.
Three experiments investigating the effects of response production and inhibition on the N2 and P3 components of the ERP are reported. In the first experiment, 12 young female volunteers were presented with the words "push' and "wait' (semantic stimuli). On a separate series of trials, they were presented with arbitrary symbols assigned the same meanings (symbolic stimuli). For each stimulus series half of the stimuli were degraded. To obtain an estimate of reliability of the data, each task was repeated. Data were collected from Fz, Cz and Pz electrode sites. The P3 amplitude had a parietal maximum when the stimuli instructed subjects to respond (Go). The P3 was equal at central and parietal sites when the stimuli instructed the subjects to withhold a response (No-Go). This topographic pattern was obtained for all stimulus manipulations, simple and degraded stimuli, words and symbols, and for the first and second runs. The N2 was a frontal maximum component that was larger to the No-Go than to the Go stimuli. This result was also robust to the manipulations. A second experiment investigated the dependency of these findings on an overt motor response. In this experiment, the symbolic and semantic stimulus series were each presented twice. The subjects counted the Go stimuli and did not count the No-Go stimuli for one presentation and pressed the reaction time button as in experiment 1 for the other presentation. While counting (compared to button pressing) delayed the N2 and P3 peaks, counting and pressing produced similar results, including the Go/No-Go P3 distribution effects. A third experiment investigated the sensitivity of these findings to the orientation of the symbols instructing the subjects to respond or withhold the response. Again the pattern of results was robust to this manipulation.
本文报告了三项研究反应产生和抑制对事件相关电位（ERP）的N2和P3成分影响的实验。在第一个实验中，向12名年轻女性志愿者呈现“按”和“等待”这两个词（语义刺激）。在另一系列试验中，向她们呈现被赋予相同含义的任意符号（符号刺激）。对于每个刺激系列，一半的刺激是退化的。为了估计数据的可靠性，每个任务都重复进行。数据从Fz、Cz和Pz电极位点收集。当刺激指示受试者做出反应（执行）时，P3波幅在顶叶处最大。当刺激指示受试者抑制反应（不执行）时，P3波幅在中央和顶叶位点相等。这种地形模式在所有刺激操作中都能获得，包括简单和退化的刺激、单词和符号，以及第一次和第二次试验。N2是一个额叶最大成分，对不执行刺激的反应比对执行刺激的反应更大。这一结果对各种操作也很稳定。第二个实验研究了这些发现对明显运动反应的依赖性。在这个实验中，符号和语义刺激系列各呈现两次。对于一次呈现，受试者对执行刺激进行计数，对不执行刺激不计数；对于另一次呈现，受试者像在实验1中那样按下反应时间按钮。虽然计数（与按下按钮相比）延迟了N2和P3峰值，但计数和按下按钮产生了相似的结果，包括执行/不执行P3分布效应。第三个实验研究了这些发现对指示受试者做出反应或抑制反应的符号方向的敏感性。结果模式再次对这种操作具有稳定性。
