Ortega-Beltran Alejandro, Jaime Ramon, Cotty Peter J
School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; USDA-ARS, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
Fungal Biol. 2015 Apr;119(4):191-200. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
Aflatoxins, highly toxic carcinogens produced by several members of Aspergillus section Flavi, contaminate crops in temperate zones. In the state of Sonora, Mexico, maize is cultivated from 0 to 2100 masl with diverse cultivation practices. This is typical of the nation. In order to design better sampling strategies across Mexico, aflatoxin-producing fungal communities associated with maize production during 2006, 2007, and 2008 in Sonora were investigated in four agro-ecological zones (AEZ) at varying elevation. Fungal communities were dominated by the Aspergillus flavus L strain morphotype (46%), but variation occurred between years and among AEZ. Several atoxigenic isolates with potential to be used as biocontrol agents for aflatoxin mitigation were detected in all AEZ. The characteristics of each AEZ had minimal influences on fungal community structure and should not be a major consideration for future sampling designs for Mexico. Insights into the dynamics and stability of aflatoxin-producing fungal communities across AEZ are discussed.
黄曲霉毒素是由黄曲霉群的几个成员产生的剧毒致癌物，污染温带地区的作物。在墨西哥的索诺拉州，玉米种植于海拔0至2100米处，种植方式多样。这在该国很典型。为了设计出更好的墨西哥全国范围的采样策略，对2006年、2007年和2008年索诺拉州与玉米生产相关的产黄曲霉毒素真菌群落，在四个不同海拔的农业生态区（AEZ）进行了调查。真菌群落以黄曲霉L菌株形态型为主（46%），但年份之间和农业生态区之间存在差异。在所有农业生态区都检测到了几种有潜力用作减轻黄曲霉毒素生物防治剂的非产毒分离株。每个农业生态区的特征对真菌群落结构影响极小，不应成为墨西哥未来采样设计的主要考虑因素。文中讨论了对不同农业生态区产黄曲霉毒素真菌群落动态和稳定性的见解。
