Bar Rachel J, Cassin Stephanie E, Dionne Michelle M
a Department of Psychology , Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(3):325-35. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1013995. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended.
大量证据表明，参与对体重敏感运动项目的大学生运动员和精英运动员比普通人群更容易患上饮食失调症。鉴于饮食失调症的治疗效果有限，文献中已广泛探讨了饮食失调症的预防问题。本文回顾了有关运动员饮食失调预防计划的现有文献，以确定预防计划的现状并推荐未来的方向。现有文献表明，具有多个目标的选择性初级干预措施和交互式多模式方法似乎最为有效。文中还探讨了该领域当前面临的挑战，包括缺乏纵向研究、体育界对参与饮食失调研究的犹豫态度以及跨领域沟通与合作不畅等问题。同时也讨论了基于证据的预防计划缺乏传播以及同时推广尚未经过实证检验的预防计划的情况。基于这些观察结果，推荐了未来的发展方向。
