Santos Edson Aparecido dos, Cruz Claudinei da, Carraschi Silvia Patrícia, Marques Silva José Roberto, Grossi Botelho Rafael, Velini Edivaldo Domingues, Pitelli Robinson Antonio
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2015 Mar;66(1):73-82. doi: 10.1515/aiht-2015-66-257.
The aim of this study was to determine the environmental concentration of atrazine (ATZ) in five streams located in the north of São Paulo state (Brazil) and evaluate its toxicological impact on young specimens of the pacu fish Piaractus mesopotamicus. Samples of water were collected on three occasions between 2010 and 2011, corresponding to periods signifying the beginning, middle, and end of rain season. ATZ levels were estimated by a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) triple quadrupole. Later, the quotient of environmental risk (QR) was determined based on the medium lethal concentration (LC50 48 h), non-observable effect concentration (NOEC), and the estimated environmental concentration (EEC) of ATZ detected in the environment. Histological changes in gills and liver were also studied, along with the brain activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The highest concentration of ATZ measured was 10.4 μg L(-1). The ATZ LC50 (48 h) for young P. mesopotamicus was 24.46 mg L(-1) and the QR was classified as "safe". Although the QR indicated that ATZ could be safe for the tested species, it caused many histological alterations in the liver and gills of the exposed specimens, and an increase in the AChE levels.
本研究的目的是测定位于巴西圣保罗州北部的五条溪流中阿特拉津（ATZ）的环境浓度，并评估其对淡水鲳鱼（Piaractus mesopotamicus）幼鱼的毒理学影响。在2010年至2011年期间分三次采集水样，分别对应雨季开始、中期和结束阶段。通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪（HPLC-MS/MS）三重四极杆测定ATZ水平。随后，根据环境中检测到的ATZ的半数致死浓度（LC50 48小时）、无可见效应浓度（NOEC）和估计环境浓度（EEC）确定环境风险商（QR）。还研究了鳃和肝脏的组织学变化以及乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的脑活性。测得的ATZ最高浓度为10.4 μg L(-1)。淡水鲳幼鱼的ATZ LC50（48小时）为24.46 mg L(-1)，QR被归类为“安全”。尽管QR表明ATZ对受试物种可能是安全的，但它导致暴露样本的肝脏和鳃出现许多组织学改变，并且AChE水平升高。
