Fong Peying
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Vitam Horm. 2015;98:33-62. doi: 10.1016/bs.vh.2014.12.015. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
Thyroid follicular epithelial cells produce thyroxine (T4) and its physiologically active derivative, 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), hormones that regulate critical developmental and metabolic functions. In order for the thyroid to form hormone precursor, iodide, the defining element in thyroid hormone, must cross both blood-facing and luminal sides of the follicular epithelium. The pathway for uptake from blood is well understood, but the mechanism(s) that enable iodide to cross the luminally facing apical membrane remain obscure. This chapter considers the physiological properties of several molecularly characterized anion transport proteins, all of which potentially contribute to the overall mechanism of apical iodide efflux.
甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞产生甲状腺素（T4）及其生理活性衍生物3,3',5-三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3），这些激素调节关键的发育和代谢功能。为了使甲状腺形成激素前体，碘化物（甲状腺激素的决定性元素）必须穿过滤泡上皮细胞面向血液和腔面的两侧。从血液中摄取碘的途径已为人熟知，但使碘化物穿过面向腔面的顶端膜的机制仍不清楚。本章探讨了几种已明确分子特征的阴离子转运蛋白的生理特性，所有这些蛋白都可能参与顶端碘外流的整体机制。
