Zhang Wei, Chen Huashuai, Feng Qiushi
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA
Business School of Xiangtan University, Hunan, China Duke University, Durham, USA.
J Aging Health. 2015 Oct;27(7):1170-98. doi: 10.1177/0898264315577589. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
The goal of this study is to examine whether and how education predicts distress for older Chinese and whether this association varies by age, gender, and rural/urban residence.
The random-effect panel model and Heckman selection model were used to analyze four waves of data with a total sample size of 54,405 from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.
We found the following: (a) There is a persistent and negative association between education and distress among older Chinese; (b) education predicts lower levels of distress over time and this is particularly true for males, urban residents, and the young-old; and (c) the effect of education on distress is largely explained by physical health, economic conditions, and a three-dimensional framework of leisure-time activities.
Our findings strengthen the external validity of the relationship between education and health and suggest the dynamic patterns on the subgroup variations within the association in China.
本研究旨在探讨教育是否以及如何预测中国老年人的心理困扰，以及这种关联是否因年龄、性别和城乡居住情况而异。
使用随机效应面板模型和赫克曼选择模型，对来自中国老年健康长寿纵向调查的四波数据进行分析，总样本量为54405。
我们发现以下几点：（a）中国老年人的教育程度与心理困扰之间存在持续的负相关；（b）随着时间的推移，教育程度预示着较低水平的心理困扰，这在男性、城市居民和年轻老年人中尤为明显；（c）教育对心理困扰的影响在很大程度上可以由身体健康、经济状况和休闲活动的三维框架来解释。
我们的研究结果加强了教育与健康之间关系的外部有效性，并揭示了中国这种关联中各亚组差异的动态模式。
