Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Northern California Gynecologic Cancer Program, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Cancer. 2015 Jul 1;121(13):2108-20. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29321. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
Mortality from ovarian cancer may be dramatically reduced with the implementation of attainable prevention strategies. The new understanding of the cells of origin and the molecular etiology of ovarian cancer warrants a strong recommendation to the public and health care providers. This document discusses potential prevention strategies, which include 1) oral contraceptive use, 2) tubal sterilization, 3) risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in women at high hereditary risk of breast and ovarian cancer, 4) genetic counseling and testing for women with ovarian cancer and other high-risk families, and 5) salpingectomy after childbearing is complete (at the time of elective pelvic surgeries, at the time of hysterectomy, and as an alternative to tubal ligation). The Society of Gynecologic Oncology has determined that recent scientific breakthroughs warrant a new summary of the progress toward the prevention of ovarian cancer. This review is intended to emphasize the importance of the fallopian tubes as a potential source of high-grade serous cancer in women with and without known genetic mutations in addition to the use of oral contraceptive pills to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer.
通过实施可行的预防策略，卵巢癌的死亡率可能会大幅降低。对卵巢癌起源细胞和分子病因的新认识强烈建议公众和医疗保健提供者采取预防措施。本文讨论了潜在的预防策略，包括 1）口服避孕药的使用，2）输卵管绝育术，3）对有高遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌风险的妇女进行预防性输卵管卵巢切除术，4）对卵巢癌和其他高危家族妇女进行遗传咨询和检测，以及 5）完成生育后行输卵管切除术（在选择性盆腔手术时、子宫切除术时，或作为输卵管结扎术的替代）。妇科肿瘤学协会认为，最近的科学突破值得对预防卵巢癌的进展进行新的总结。这篇综述旨在强调输卵管作为有和没有已知基因突变的妇女中高级别浆液性癌的潜在来源的重要性，以及口服避孕药降低卵巢癌风险的作用。
