Pérez-López Faustino R, Ceausu Iuliana, Depypere Herman, Kehoe Sean, Lambrinoudaki Irene, Mueck Alfred, Senturk Levent M, Simoncini Tommaso, Stevenson John C, Stute Petra, Rees Margaret
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaragoza University Faculty of Medicine, Lozano-Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Dr. I. Cantacuzino' Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Maturitas. 2017 Jun;100:86-91. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.003. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of female gynecological cancer-related death, and there are no effective screening procedures or early diagnostic approaches.
To examine risk factors and risk-reducing strategies for both sporadic and familial tumors.
Literature review and consensus of expert opinion.
In women with a genetic predisposition to ovarian cancer, salpingo-oophorectomy reduces the risk of ovarian malignancy, and to a lesser degree of breast cancer. Opportunistic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and bilateral salpingectomy may also prevent epithelial ovarian cancer. In premenopausal women, bilateral salpingectomy should be preferred to tubal ligation, and be performed when hysterectomy is carried out for benign uterine disease. Hysterectomy and the use of combined oral contraceptives and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are also recognized to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, as do the prevention of obesity and smoking cessation.
卵巢癌是女性妇科癌症相关死亡的主要原因，目前尚无有效的筛查程序或早期诊断方法。
研究散发性和家族性肿瘤的危险因素及降低风险的策略。
文献综述及专家意见共识。
对于有卵巢癌遗传易感性的女性，输卵管卵巢切除术可降低卵巢恶性肿瘤的风险，对乳腺癌风险的降低程度较小。择期双侧输卵管卵巢切除术和双侧输卵管切除术也可预防上皮性卵巢癌。对于绝经前女性，双侧输卵管切除术应优于输卵管结扎术，且在因良性子宫疾病行子宫切除术时进行。子宫切除术、使用复方口服避孕药和非甾体类抗炎药也被认为可降低卵巢癌风险，预防肥胖和戒烟同样如此。
