合成及天然吸水性土壤改良剂对半干旱地区马铃薯光合作用特性和块茎营养品质的影响

Effect of synthetic and natural water-absorbing soil amendments on photosynthesis characteristics and tuber nutritional quality of potato in a semi-arid region.

作者信息

Xu Shengtao, Zhang Lei, McLaughlin Neil B, Mi Junzhen, Chen Qin, Liu Jinghui

机构信息

Oat Scientific and Technical Innovation Team, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010019, China.

Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada.

出版信息

J Sci Food Agric. 2016 Feb;96(3):1010-7. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7188. Epub 2015 Jun 12.

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.7188

PMID:25820940

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The effect of water-absorbing soil amendments on photosynthesis characteristics and tuber nutritional quality was investigated in a field experiment in a semi-arid region in northern China in 2010-2012. Treatments included two synthetic water-absorbing amendments, potassium polyacrylate (PAA) and polyacrylamide (PAM), and one natural amendment, humic acid (HA), both as single amendments and compound amendments (HA combined with PAA or PAM), and a no amendment control.

RESULTS

Soil amendments had a highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on photosynthesis characteristics, dry biomass, crop root/shoot (R/S) ratio and tuber nutritional quality. They improved both dry biomass above ground and dry biomass underground in the whole growing season by 4.6-31.2 and 1.1-83.1% respectively in all three years. Crop R/S ratio was reduced in the early growing season by 2.0-29.4% and increased in the later growing season by 2.3-32.6%. Soil amendments improved leaf soil plant analysis development value, net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate by 1.4-17.0, 5.1-45.9, 2.4-90.6 and 2.0-22.6% respectively and reduced intercellular CO2 concentration by 2.1-19.5% in all three years.

CONCLUSION

Amendment treatment with PAM + HA always had the greatest effect on photosynthesis characteristics and tuber nutritional quality among all amendment treatments and thus merits further research.

摘要

背景

2010 - 2012年在中国北方半干旱地区进行了一项田间试验，研究了吸水土壤改良剂对光合作用特性和块茎营养品质的影响。处理包括两种合成吸水改良剂聚丙烯酸钾（PAA）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM），以及一种天然改良剂腐殖酸（HA），它们既作为单一改良剂，也作为复合改良剂（HA与PAA或PAM组合），还有一个不施改良剂的对照。

结果

土壤改良剂对光合作用特性、干生物量、作物根冠比（R/S）和块茎营养品质有极显著影响（P≤0.01）。在所有三年中，它们使整个生长季节地上部干生物量和地下部干生物量分别提高了4.6 - 31.2%和1.1 - 83.1%。作物根冠比在生长前期降低了2.0 - 29.4%，在生长后期增加了2.3 - 32.6%。在所有三年中，土壤改良剂分别使叶片土壤植物分析发育值、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率提高了1.4 - 17.0%、5.1 - 45.9%、2.4 - 90.6%和2.0 - 22.6%，并使胞间CO₂浓度降低了2.1 - 19.5%。