不同水分亏缺下叶面喷施水溶性腐植酸对马铃薯生长、光合作用特性和鲜薯产量的影响。

Effect of water soluble humic acid applied to potato foliage on plant growth, photosynthesis characteristics and fresh tuber yield under different water deficits.

机构信息

Oat Scientific and Technical Innovation Team, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010019, China.

Institute of Economic Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2020 May 12;10(1):7854. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63925-5.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-63925-5

PMID:32398697

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7217897/

Abstract

Water scarcity is the main limiting factor in agricultural crop production in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China. Humic acid could improve the plant resistance to mitigate the abiotic drought damages, which is a potential strategy to improve the crop production in these regions. An experiment to investigate the effect of water soluble humic acid on plant growth, photosynthesis characteristics and fresh tuber yield of potato under different water deficits was carried out under greenhouse conditions in 2014 and 2015. Treatments included foliar application of fresh water (FW), humic acid diluted with water 500 times (HA) and control (CK), and the water deficits included 45%, 60% and 75% of the field water holding capacity. The HA treatment showed highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) effect on dry biomass, root/shoot ratio and photosynthesis parameters, improved the dry biomass above ground (DM-AG) by 14.12-36.63%, 11.62-36.26% and 7.85-20.85% over the whole growing season at water deficits of 45%, 60% and 75% of the field water holding capacity respectively in 2014 and 2015; decreased the root/shoot (R/S) ratio in the early growing season and increased the R/S ratio in the later growing season; showed an improved effect on leaf soil plant analysis development (SPAD), photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) and decreased transpiration rate (Tr) and intercellular CO concentration (Ci) compared with the control. HA usually showed a better effect on photosynthesis parameters in 60% of the field water holding capacity than 45% and 75% except on Pn. Compared with control, HA increased fresh tuber yield by 34.47-63.48%, 35.95-37.28% and 23.37-27.15% at 45%, 60% and 75% of the field water holding capacity respectively. HA enhanced the potato plant growth, and improved photosynthesis parameters and fresh tuber yield under different water deficits under green house conditions, and represents an opportunity to improve crop production and sustainability of agriculture in arid and semiarid regions.

摘要

在中国北方干旱和半干旱地区，水资源短缺是农业作物生产的主要限制因素。腐植酸可以提高植物的抗逆性，减轻非生物干旱的损害，这是提高这些地区作物产量的一种潜在策略。2014 年和 2015 年，在温室条件下进行了一项实验，以研究不同水分亏缺下水溶性腐植酸对马铃薯生长、光合作用特性和鲜薯产量的影响。处理包括叶面喷施淡水（FW）、用 500 倍水稀释的腐植酸（HA）和对照（CK），水分亏缺包括田间持水量的 45%、60%和 75%。HA 处理对地上部干生物量、根/冠比和光合作用参数有显著影响（P≤0.01），与对照相比，在 2014 年和 2015 年，水分亏缺分别为田间持水量的 45%、60%和 75%时，整个生长季节的地上部干生物量分别提高了 14.12%-36.63%、11.62%-36.26%和 7.85%-20.85%；在生长早期降低根/冠比，在生长后期增加根/冠比；与对照相比，叶片土壤植物分析发育（SPAD）、光合作用速率（Pn）和气孔导度（Gs）均有提高，蒸腾速率（Tr）和胞间 CO2浓度（Ci）均有降低。HA 通常在田间持水量的 60%时比 45%和 75%对光合作用参数有更好的效果，除了 Pn 以外。与对照相比，HA 在田间持水量的 45%、60%和 75%下，鲜薯产量分别增加了 34.47%-63.48%、35.95%-37.28%和 23.37%-27.15%。HA 增强了温室条件下不同水分亏缺下马铃薯植株的生长，提高了光合作用参数和鲜薯产量，为提高干旱半干旱地区作物产量和农业可持续性提供了机会。