Henjum Sigrun, Torheim Liv Elin, Thorne-Lyman Andrew L, Chandyo Ram, Fawzi Wafaie W, Shrestha Prakash S, Strand Tor A
1Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences,PO Box 4,St. Olavs Plass,0130 Oslo,Norway.
2Department of Nutrition,Harvard School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2015 Dec;18(17):3201-10. doi: 10.1017/S1368980015000671. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
The main objectives were to assess the adequacy of the micronutrient intakes of lactating women in a peri-urban area in Nepal and to describe the relationships between micronutrient intake adequacy, dietary diversity and sociodemographic variables.
A cross-sectional survey was performed during 2008-2009. We used 24 h dietary recall to assess dietary intake on three non-consecutive days and calculated the probability of adequacy (PA) of the usual intake of eleven micronutrients and the overall mean probability of adequacy (MPA). A mean dietary diversity score (MDDS) was calculated of eight food groups averaged over 3 d. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the determinants of the MPA.
Bhaktapur municipality, Nepal.
Lactating women (n 500), 17-44 years old, randomly selected.
The mean usual energy intake was 8464 (sd 1305) kJ/d (2023 (sd 312) kcal/d), while the percentage of energy from protein, fat and carbohydrates was 11 %, 13 % and 76 %, respectively. The mean usual micronutrient intakes were below the estimated average requirements for all micronutrients, with the exception of vitamin C and Zn. The MPA across eleven micronutrients was 0·19 (sd 0·16). The diet was found to be monotonous (MDDS was 3·9 (sd 1·0)) and rice contributed to about 60 % of the energy intake. The multiple regression analyses showed that MPA was positively associated with energy intake, dietary diversity, women's educational level and socio-economic status, and was higher in the winter.
The low micronutrient intakes are probably explained by low dietary diversity and a low intake of micronutrient-rich foods.
主要目的是评估尼泊尔一个城郊地区哺乳期妇女微量营养素摄入量是否充足，并描述微量营养素摄入充足性、饮食多样性和社会人口统计学变量之间的关系。
于2008 - 2009年进行了一项横断面调查。我们采用24小时饮食回顾法，在三个非连续日评估饮食摄入量，并计算了11种微量营养素通常摄入量的充足概率（PA）以及总体平均充足概率（MPA）。计算了三天内八个食物组的平均饮食多样性得分（MDDS）。采用多元线性回归确定MPA的决定因素。
尼泊尔巴克塔普尔市。
随机选取的17 - 44岁哺乳期妇女（n = 500）。
平均每日能量通常摄入量为8464（标准差1305）千焦/天（2023（标准差312）千卡/天），而蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物提供的能量百分比分别为11%、13%和76%。除维生素C和锌外，所有微量营养素的平均通常摄入量均低于估计平均需求量。11种微量营养素的MPA为0.19（标准差0.16）。发现饮食单调（MDDS为3.9（标准差1.0）），大米约占能量摄入量的60%。多元回归分析表明，MPA与能量摄入量、饮食多样性、女性教育水平和社会经济地位呈正相关，且在冬季较高。
微量营养素摄入量低可能是由于饮食多样性低和富含微量营养素食物的摄入量低所致。
