Patil Santosh, Doni Bharti, Maheshwari Sneha
Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Darshan Dental College, Udaipur, (Raj), India;
Can Geriatr J. 2015 Mar 31;18(1):11-4. doi: 10.5770/cgj.18.123. eCollection 2015 Mar.
Oral health is important to individuals of all age groups. Previous epidemiologic studies of the oral health status of the general population in India provided very little information about oral mucosal lesions in the elderly. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the oral lesions in a geriatric Indian population.
5,100 patients were clinically evaluated, with age ranging from 60 to 98 years. There were 3,100 males and 2,000 females, with a mean age of 69 ± 6.3 yrs. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software, where p < .05 was considered to be significant.
64% of the patients presented with one or more oral lesions, associated to tobacco, betel nut consumption, and lesions secondary to trauma and prosthesis. Males were more affected than females and this difference was clinically not significant (p > .05). The lesions were more frequently observed between 65 to 70 yrs. The most common alterations observed were smoker's palate (43%), denture stomatitis (34%), oral submucous fibrosis (30%), frictional keratosis (23%), leukoplakia (22%), and pyogenic granuloma (22%). Hard palate was the most commonly affected site (23.1%).
The findings of the present study provide important information when clinically evaluating oral cavity in elderly. Close follow-up and systematic evaluation is required in the elderly population to plan future treatment needs.
口腔健康对所有年龄段的人都很重要。先前针对印度普通人群口腔健康状况的流行病学研究几乎没有提供关于老年人口腔黏膜病变的信息。因此，本研究的目的是确定印度老年人群口腔病变的患病率。
对5100名患者进行了临床评估，年龄在60至98岁之间。其中男性3100名，女性2000名，平均年龄为69±6.3岁。使用SPSS软件进行统计分析，p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
64%的患者出现一种或多种口腔病变，与烟草、槟榔消费以及创伤和假牙继发的病变有关。男性比女性受影响更严重，但这种差异在临床上无统计学意义（p>0.05）。病变在65至70岁之间更为常见。观察到的最常见病变为烟碱性口炎（43%）、义齿性口炎（34%）、口腔黏膜下纤维化（30%）、摩擦性角化病（23%）、白斑（22%）和化脓性肉芽肿（22%）。硬腭是最常受累的部位（23.1%）。
本研究结果为临床评估老年人口腔提供了重要信息。对老年人群需要进行密切随访和系统评估，以规划未来的治疗需求。
