The patient with lower urinary tract trauma.

The nursing care of the patient with lower urinary tract trauma depends upon the location and extent of the injury. Following stabilization of the airway, breathing, and circulation (and after neurologic evaluation) the nurse focuses on abdominal and urinary tract assessment. By using the results of a physical examination, diagnostic testing, and urinalysis, the nurse develops a plan of care. This plan provides the patient with relief of pain, control of infection, emotional support, and management of alterations in fluid and electrolyte balance. Early recognition of the extent of injury and knowledgeable management of potential complications from injury enable the critical care nurse to maximize the patient's own compensatory mechanisms and minimize long-term effects.