Bruno Luca, Cortese Mirko, Rappuoli Rino, Merola Marcello
Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, Germany.
Curr Opin Virol. 2015 Apr;11:89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.03.001. Epub 2015 Mar 29.
Although almost 15 years have passed since the birthdate of Reverse Vaccinology (RV), there are very limited applications of this approach to viral vaccines discovery. Undeniably, RV presents a series of advantages as it can virtually identify all potential antigens coded by a genome, irrespective of their abundance, phase of expression and immunogenicity. Additionally, it can be applied to all pathogens, including those that cannot be grown in vitro. In this review we summarize the few examples of RV application to viruses, in particular the Herpesviridae, and report the advantage and limitations of this approach. Next we focus on the novel approaches and additional technologies to vaccine development including structure based approach (Structural Vaccinology [SV]), synthetic biology and some examples of their application in the development of viral vaccines.
尽管自反向疫苗学（RV）诞生至今已过去近15年，但这种方法在病毒疫苗研发中的应用非常有限。不可否认，RV具有一系列优势，因为它几乎可以识别基因组编码的所有潜在抗原，而不论其丰度、表达阶段和免疫原性如何。此外，它可应用于所有病原体，包括那些无法在体外培养的病原体。在本综述中，我们总结了RV应用于病毒（特别是疱疹病毒科）的少数实例，并报告了这种方法的优点和局限性。接下来，我们将重点关注疫苗研发的新方法和其他技术，包括基于结构的方法（结构疫苗学[SV]）、合成生物学及其在病毒疫苗研发中的一些应用实例。
