Salomó-Coll O, Maté-Sánchez de Val J E, Ramírez-Fernández M P, Satorres-Nieto M, Gargallo-Albiol J, Calvo-Guirado J L
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016 Dec;27(12):e167-e175. doi: 10.1111/clr.12596. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical applications of melatonin over implant surfaces placed immediately after extraction by means of histological and histomorphometric analysis of peri-implant tissues.
Six American foxhound dogs were used in the study; mandibular premolar distal roots were extracted. Thirty-six immediate conical implants were randomly assigned to the distal site on each site of the mandible in three groups: (Group CI) 12 titanium implants alone; (Group MI) 12 titanium implants supplemented with melatonin; and (Group DI) 12 titanium implants supplemented with vitamin D (DI). Prior to implanting test, implants (MI) were submerged in melatonin 5% solution, and implants from (DI) group were submerged in vitamin D 10% solution. No treatment was applied at control implants. After 12 weeks, animals were sacrificed. Block sections were obtained and processed for mineralized ground sectioning. Bone-to-implant contact (total BIC), new bone formation (NBF), inter-thread bone (ITB) and histological linear measurements (HLM) were analyzed.
At 12 weeks, all implants were clinically stable and histologically osseointegrated. Total BIC values were 48.36 ± 7.45* for the MI group and 44.82 ± 10.98 for the CI group (P = 0.035) with statistically significant difference between groups. BIC% were 41.36 ± 3.93 for MI and 41.34 ± 9.26 for CI (P > 0.05). Inter-thread bone formation values were MI 15.99 ± 2.43* and CI 14.79 ± 3.62 (P = 0.03), MI showing significantly better results. No statistically significant differences in peri-implant new bone formation could be found between the two groups: MI 25.37 ± 2.32, CI 26.55 ± 7.75 (P > 0.05). Linear measurements showed that the MI group showed significantly less lingual crestal bone loss (CBL) (MI 0.52 ± 0.74*, CI 0.92 ± 1.98) (P = 0.045) and less lingual peri-implant mucosa (PIM) (MI 3.13 ± 1.41*, CI 3.71 ± 1.81) (P = 0.042). No significant differences were observed in the buccal aspect.
Within the limitations of this animal study, the topical application of melatonin improved bone formation around immediate implants and reduced lingual bone and lingual peri-implant mucosa, after 12 weeks of osseointegration.
本研究旨在通过对种植体周围组织进行组织学和组织形态计量学分析，评估褪黑素局部应用于拔牙后即刻植入种植体表面的效果。
本研究使用6只美国猎狐犬；拔除下颌前磨牙远中根。将36枚即刻锥形种植体随机分为三组，分别植入下颌骨每个部位的远中位点：（CI组）12枚仅为钛种植体；（MI组）12枚补充褪黑素的钛种植体；（DI组）12枚补充维生素D的钛种植体（DI）。在植入测试前，将种植体（MI）浸泡在5%的褪黑素溶液中，将（DI）组的种植体浸泡在10%的维生素D溶液中。对照种植体不进行处理。12周后，处死动物。获取块状切片并进行矿化磨片处理。分析骨与种植体接触（总骨结合率，total BIC）、新骨形成（NBF）、螺纹间骨（ITB）和组织学线性测量（HLM）。
12周时，所有种植体临床稳定且组织学上骨结合良好。MI组的总骨结合率值为48.36±7.45*，CI组为44.82±10.98（P = 0.035），两组间差异有统计学意义。MI组的骨结合率百分比为41.36±3.93，CI组为41.34±9.26（P>0.05）。螺纹间骨形成值MI为15.99±2.43*，CI为14.79±3.62（P = 0.03），MI组结果明显更好。两组种植体周围新骨形成无统计学显著差异：MI组为25.37±2.32，CI组为26.55±7.75（P>0.05）。线性测量显示，MI组舌侧嵴顶骨吸收（CBL）明显较少（MI为0.52±0.74*，CI为0.92±1.98）（P = 0.045），舌侧种植体周围黏膜（PIM）也较少（MI为3.13±1.41*，CI为3.71±1.81）（P = 0.042）。颊侧方面未观察到显著差异。
在本动物研究的局限性内，骨结合12周后，褪黑素局部应用改善了即刻种植体周围的骨形成，并减少了舌侧骨和舌侧种植体周围黏膜。
