Lagan Jakub, Saravanan Palaniappan
Department of Cardiology, Arrowe Park Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
BMJ Case Rep. 2015 Apr 1;2015:bcr2014208112. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-208112.
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSAS) affects 4% of men and 2% of women aged 30-65 years. It is diagnosed in the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness and an apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) of ≥5 on polysomnography. Rhythm disturbances are common in OSAS and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to be beneficial. We present a case of a patient with obesity, atrial fibrillation with fast ventricular response, significant nocturnal pauses (3.9 s) and tachycardiomyopathy. A polysomnography confirmed severe OSAS (AHI=64.25). CPAP improved bradycardia and allowed for the introduction of β-blockers. Subsequent Holter monitoring revealed better rate control with the longest pause of 2 s and the patient's left ventricular systolic function improved. CPAP prevented our patient from invasive treatment, allowed for rate control and improvement of tachycardiomyopathy. With such a high prevalence of OSAS, clinicians should be aware that CPAP may aid arrhythmia control.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSAS)在30至65岁的男性中发病率为4%,在女性中为2%。多导睡眠监测显示存在日间过度嗜睡且呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥5时可诊断为该病。节律紊乱在OSAS中很常见,持续气道正压通气(CPAP)已被证明有益。我们报告一例患者,患有肥胖症、快速心室反应性心房颤动、显著的夜间停顿(3.9秒)和心动过速性心肌病。多导睡眠监测证实为重度OSAS(AHI = 64.25)。CPAP改善了心动过缓,并使得能够使用β受体阻滞剂。随后的动态心电图监测显示心率控制更好,最长停顿为2秒,患者的左心室收缩功能得到改善。CPAP使我们的患者避免了侵入性治疗,实现了心率控制并改善了心动过速性心肌病。鉴于OSAS的高患病率,临床医生应意识到CPAP可能有助于心律失常的控制。