腹部肥胖人群的乳蛋白、乳脂与餐后血脂异常（DairyHealth）：一项为期12周的随机、平行对照、双盲饮食干预研究。

Dairy proteins, dairy lipids, and postprandial lipemia in persons with abdominal obesity (DairyHealth): a 12-wk, randomized, parallel-controlled, double-blinded, diet intervention study.

作者信息

Bohl Mette, Bjørnshave Ann, Rasmussen Kia V, Schioldan Anne Grethe, Amer Bashar, Larsen Mette K, Dalsgaard Trine K, Holst Jens J, Herrmann Annkatrin, O'Neill Sadhbh, O'Driscoll Lorraine, Afman Lydia, Jensen Erik, Christensen Merete M, Gregersen Søren, Hermansen Kjeld

机构信息

From the Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (MB, AB, KVR, AGS, SG, and KH); the Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark (BA, MKL, and TKD); NNF Centre for Basic Metabolic Research and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (JJH); Unilabs A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (AH); the School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (SO and LO); the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands (LA); Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Viby J., Denmark (EJ); and GCO Corporate Research and Innovation, Viby J., Denmark (MMC).

出版信息

Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Apr;101(4):870-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.097923. Epub 2015 Jan 14.

DOI:10.3945/ajcn.114.097923

PMID:25833983

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Abdominal obesity and exaggerated postprandial lipemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, and both are affected by dietary behavior.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated whether dietary supplementation with whey protein and medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MC-SFAs) improved postprandial lipid metabolism in humans with abdominal obesity.

DESIGN

We conducted a 12-wk, randomized, double-blinded, diet intervention study. Sixty-three adults were randomly allocated to one of 4 diets in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Participants consumed 60 g milk protein (whey or casein) and 63 g milk fat (with high or low MC-SFA content) daily. Before and after the intervention, a high-fat meal test was performed. We measured changes from baseline in fasting and postprandial triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48; reflecting chylomicrons of intestinal origin), free fatty acids (FFAs), insulin, glucose, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). Furthermore, changes in the expression of adipose tissue genes involved in lipid metabolism were investigated. Two-factor ANOVA was used to examine the difference between protein types and fatty acid compositions, as well as any interaction between the two.

RESULTS

Fifty-two participants completed the study. We found that the postprandial apoB-48 response decreased significantly after whey compared with casein (P = 0.025) independently of fatty acid composition. Furthermore, supplementation with casein resulted in a significant increase in the postprandial GLP-1 response compared with whey (P = 0.003). We found no difference in postprandial triacylglycerol, FFA, insulin, glucose, glucagon, or GIP related to protein type or MC-SFA content. We observed no interaction between milk protein and milk fat on postprandial lipemia.

CONCLUSION

We found that a whey protein supplement decreased the postprandial chylomicron response compared with casein in persons with abdominal obesity, thereby indicating a beneficial impact on CVD risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01472666.

摘要

背景

腹型肥胖和餐后血脂异常是心血管疾病（CVD）及死亡的独立危险因素，且二者均受饮食行为影响。

目的

我们研究了补充乳清蛋白和中链饱和脂肪酸（MC-SFAs）是否能改善腹型肥胖人群的餐后脂质代谢。

设计

我们开展了一项为期12周的随机双盲饮食干预研究。63名成年人按2×2析因设计随机分配至4种饮食方案之一。参与者每日摄入60 g乳蛋白（乳清蛋白或酪蛋白）和63 g乳脂肪（MC-SFA含量高或低）。干预前后进行高脂餐试验。我们测量了空腹及餐后甘油三酯、载脂蛋白B-48（apoB-48；反映肠道来源的乳糜微粒）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、胰岛素、葡萄糖、胰高血糖素、胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）和胃抑肽（GIP）相对于基线的变化。此外，还研究了参与脂质代谢的脂肪组织基因表达的变化。采用双因素方差分析来检验蛋白质类型和脂肪酸组成之间的差异以及二者之间的任何相互作用。

结果

52名参与者完成了研究。我们发现，与酪蛋白相比，摄入乳清蛋白后餐后apoB-48反应显著降低（P = 0.025），且与脂肪酸组成无关。此外，与乳清蛋白相比，补充酪蛋白导致餐后GLP-1反应显著增加（P = 0.003）。我们发现餐后甘油三酯、FFA、胰岛素、葡萄糖、胰高血糖素或GIP在蛋白质类型或MC-SFA含量方面无差异。我们未观察到乳蛋白和乳脂肪在餐后血脂异常方面存在相互作用。