Chan Michael H, Holmes Curtis
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery/Dental Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, New York Harbor Healthcare System (Brooklyn Campus), 800 Poly Place (Bk-160), Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA; Department Dentistry/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Avenue, Box 187, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
Department Dentistry/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Avenue, Box 187, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
Dent Clin North Am. 2015 Apr;59(2):421-70. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2014.12.001.
Restoration of the atrophic edentulous maxilla and mandible with implant retained prostheses has involved the use of axially placed implants in regions of the maxilla and mandible based on the adequate availability of bone, often using a staged surgical approaches. Anatomic limitations including pneumatized maxillary sinus, proximity of the inferior alveolar nerve and lack of available native bone have many clinicians performing traditional grafting procedure prior to implant placement. Utilization of the "All-on-4" concept has overcome these anatomic restrictions by allowing placement of 2 vertical and 2 angled implants in the premaxilla and anterior mandible. This technique has enabled immediate placement of full arch fixed restoration at the time of implant surgery if sufficient torque is achieved. It has biomechanical advantages including increasing in A-P spread, enhancing load distribution with cross arch stabilization, shorten cantilever, longer implants to be placed by titling them posteriorly, and maintenance of marginal bone height. High implant survival rates of in the maxilla (92.5-100%), in the mandible (93-100%) and restoration (99.2-100%) prove that the "All-on-4" concept is a viable treatment option for edentulous patients with atrophic alveolar ridges circumventing these traditional grafting procedures.
使用种植体固位修复体修复萎缩性无牙上颌骨和下颌骨,通常采用分阶段手术方法,根据上颌骨和下颌骨区域有足够可用骨量的情况轴向植入种植体。解剖学限制包括上颌窦气化、下牙槽神经位置靠近以及缺乏可用的自体骨,这使得许多临床医生在植入种植体之前进行传统的植骨手术。“All-on-4”概念的应用通过允许在上颌前部和下颌前部植入2颗垂直种植体和2颗倾斜种植体,克服了这些解剖学限制。如果获得足够的扭矩,该技术能够在种植体手术时立即植入全牙弓固定修复体。它具有生物力学优势,包括增加前后向扩展、通过跨牙弓稳定增强负荷分布、缩短悬臂、通过向后倾斜植入更长的种植体以及维持边缘骨高度。上颌(92.5 - 100%)、下颌(93 - 100%)种植体以及修复体(99.2 - 100%)的高存留率证明,“All-on-4”概念是一种可行的治疗选择,可让萎缩性牙槽嵴的无牙患者规避这些传统的植骨手术。