Yonelinas Andrew P, Ritchey Maureen
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, USA.
Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2015 May;19(5):259-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Mar 30.
Emotional events are remembered better than neutral events, and this emotion advantage becomes particularly pronounced over time. The time-dependent effects of emotion impact upon recollection rather than on familiarity-based recognition, and they influence the recollection of item-specific details rather than contextual details. Moreover, the amygdala, but not the hippocampus, is crucial for producing these effects. Time-dependent effects of emotion have been attributed to an emotional consolidation process whereby the amygdala gradually facilitates the storage of emotional memories by other medial temporal lobe regions. However, we propose that these effects can be better understood by an emotional binding account whereby the amygdala mediates the recollection of item-emotion bindings that are forgotten more slowly than item-context bindings supported by the hippocampus.
与中性事件相比，情绪性事件的记忆效果更好，而且随着时间的推移，这种情绪优势会变得尤为明显。情绪的时间依赖性效应影响的是回忆而非基于熟悉度的识别，并且它们影响的是特定项目细节的回忆而非情境细节的回忆。此外，杏仁核而非海马体对于产生这些效应至关重要。情绪的时间依赖性效应被归因于一种情绪巩固过程，即杏仁核逐渐促进其他内侧颞叶区域对情绪记忆的存储。然而，我们认为，通过一种情绪绑定理论可以更好地理解这些效应，即杏仁核介导项目 - 情绪绑定的回忆，这种绑定的遗忘速度比海马体支持的项目 - 情境绑定要慢。
