Ogunmuyiwa Stella Aimiede, Gbolahan Olalere Omoyosola, Ayantunde Abiodun Abraham, Odewabi Adenike Abidemi
Department of Dental Services, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Niger J Surg. 2015 Jan-Jun;21(1):38-42. doi: 10.4103/1117-6806.152732.
Trauma remains a leading cause of maxillofacial injury globally. Changing etiological factors and patterns of maxillofacial injury continue to be reported and are largely modulated by socio-geographic and environmental factors. It is important to have an in-depth understanding of the pattern and etiology in a particular region before effective preventive measures can be developed.
The aim was to evaluate the patterns, etiological factors, and management of maxillofacial injuries in Ogun state, Nigeria.
A prospective descriptive cohort study of all consecutive patients that presented with maxillofacial injuries at our center between January and December 2013. Information about demographic data, types of maxillofacial and associated injury, etiology of injury, treatment received and complications were collected and analyzed.
Seventy patients presented with maxillofacial injury during the study period with a male to female ratio of 4:1. The age range was 9 months to 60 years with a mean of 30.11 ± standard deviation 14.97 years. Majority of the facial fractures were due to motorcycle related crashes. There were 57.1% mandibular fractures and 55.7% middle third fractures. Closed reduction with maxillo-mandibular fixation was the major method of treatment of facial fractures. Postoperative complications were observed in 11.4% of patients.
Road traffic crashes (RTCs) remain the leading etiological factor of maxillofacial injuries in our center. Enforcement of stricter traffic regulations and possibly replacement of motorcycles with tricycles for commercial transportation may help to reduce the incidence of RTCs.
在全球范围内，创伤仍然是颌面部损伤的主要原因。不断有关于颌面部损伤病因因素和模式变化的报道，这些变化在很大程度上受到社会地理和环境因素的调节。在制定有效的预防措施之前，深入了解特定地区的损伤模式和病因很重要。
本研究旨在评估尼日利亚奥贡州颌面部损伤的模式、病因因素及治疗情况。
对2013年1月至12月期间在我们中心就诊的所有颌面部损伤连续患者进行前瞻性描述性队列研究。收集并分析有关人口统计学数据、颌面部及相关损伤类型、损伤病因、接受的治疗及并发症等信息。
在研究期间，70例患者出现颌面部损伤，男女比例为4:1。年龄范围为9个月至60岁，平均年龄为30.11±标准差14.97岁。大多数面部骨折是由与摩托车相关的碰撞引起的。下颌骨骨折占57.1%，面中份骨折占55.7%。颌间固定闭合复位是面部骨折的主要治疗方法。11.4%的患者出现术后并发症。
道路交通事故（RTCs）仍然是我们中心颌面部损伤的主要病因。加强更严格的交通法规执行力度，并可能用三轮车替代摩托车用于商业运输，可能有助于降低道路交通事故的发生率。
