Tong Dandan, Li Wenfu, Tang Chaoying, Yang Wenjing, Tian Yan, Zhang Lei, Zhang Meng, Qiu Jiang, Liu Yijun, Zhang Qinglin
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, PR China; School of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, PR China.
Mental Health Department of Jining Meidical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272013, PR China.
Conscious Cogn. 2015 Jul;34:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
Many scientific inventions (SI) throughout history were inspired by heuristic prototypes (HPs). For instance, an event or piece of knowledge similar to displaced water from a tub inspired Archimedes' principle. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this insightful problem solving are not very clear. Thus, the present study explored the neural correlates used to solve SI problems facilitated by HPs. Each HP had two versions: a literal description with an illustration (LDI) and a literal description with no illustration (LDNI). Thirty-two participants were divided randomly into these two groups. Blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI contrasts between LDI and LDNI groups were measured. Greater activity in the right middle occipital gyrus (RMOG, BA19), right precentral gyrus (RPCG, BA4), and left middle frontal gyrus (LMFG, BA46) were found within the LDI group as compared to the LDNI group. We discuss these results in terms cognitive functions within these regions related to problem solving and memory retrieval.
历史上许多科学发明（SI）都受到启发式原型（HP）的启发。例如，与浴缸中排出的水类似的事件或知识片段启发了阿基米德原理。然而，这种有洞察力的问题解决背后的神经机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究探索了用于解决由启发式原型促成的科学发明问题的神经关联。每个启发式原型有两个版本：带有插图的文字描述（LDI）和没有插图的文字描述（LDNI）。32名参与者被随机分为这两组。测量了LDI组和LDNI组之间的血氧水平依赖性功能磁共振成像对比。与LDNI组相比，LDI组在右侧枕中回（RMOG，BA19）、右侧中央前回（RPCG，BA4）和左侧额中回（LMFG，BA46）有更大的活动。我们根据这些区域内与问题解决和记忆检索相关的认知功能来讨论这些结果。
