Tryon W W, Cicero S D
Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458-5198.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1989 Jun;20(2):137-42. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(89)90046-3.
The meaning that individuals associate with verbal stimuli may be modified by using classical conditioning procedures. Clinically, such procedures may be used to modify a client's maladaptive associations. The current research investigated the existence and generalizability of this phenomenon by attempting to replicate Staats and Staats' (1957) language conditioning effect and then extent it to a second-order classical conditioning situation (CS1----UCS then CS2----CS1). Such higher-order conditioning would suggest that several different but related maladaptive associations can be modified simultaneously. Significant conditioning was obtained to the CS1, particularly for aware subjects, but no conditioning occurred to the CS2.
个体与言语刺激相关联的意义可以通过使用经典条件作用程序来改变。在临床上，此类程序可用于改变来访者的适应不良关联。当前的研究试图复制斯塔茨和斯塔茨（1957）的语言条件作用效应，进而将其扩展到二级经典条件作用情境（CS1—UCS，然后CS2—CS1），以此来探究这一现象的存在及其普遍性。这种高阶条件作用表明，几种不同但相关的适应不良关联可以同时得到改变。对CS1获得了显著的条件作用，尤其是对有意识的受试者而言，但对CS2未出现条件作用。
