Sharpe R A, Thornton C R, Tyrrell J, Nikolaou V, Osborne N J
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK.
Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2015 Oct;45(10):1566-78. doi: 10.1111/cea.12549.
Exposure to damp indoor environments is associated with increased risk of eczema, allergy and asthma. The role of dampness-related exposures and risk of allergic diseases are yet to be fully explored in the US population.
We assess whether exposure to fungi, house dust mites and endotoxin increases the risk of eczema, allergy and asthma in children and adults participating in NHANES 2005-2006.
A total of 8412 participants (2849 were children aged between 6 and 17 years) were recruited in the 2005-2006 survey. We used multiple logistic regression to investigate whether mildew/musty odour and increased concentrations of Alternaria alternata allergen, Aspergillus fumigatus antigens, house dust mite and endotoxin antigens increase the risk of eczema, allergy and asthma. We stratified models by total IgE < 170 and ≥ 170 KU/L to assess allergic and non-allergic asthma outcomes. Exposure to multiple biological agents and risk of reporting eczema, allergy and asthma were also investigated.
Reporting of a mildew/musty odour was associated with increased risk of childhood asthma (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.17-2.19), and adult eczema, allergy and asthma (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.39-2.63, OR 1.59 95% CI 1.26-2.02 and OR 1.61 95% CI 1.00-2.57, respectively). Risk of asthma was associated with total IgE ≥ 170 KU/L in children (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.01-3.25) and total IgE < 170 KU/L in adults (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.07-3.42). Children and adults exposed to more than eight biological agents present in the home were at reduced risk of eczema (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.04-0.77) and asthma (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.25-0.97), respectively.
Exposure to a mildew/musty odour, as a proxy for exposure to fungus, was implicated in an increased risk of atopic diseases. Sensitisation may play a different role in children and adults, and exposure to multiple allergens may reduce the risk of atopic disease.
暴露于室内潮湿环境与湿疹、过敏和哮喘风险增加有关。在美国人群中，与潮湿相关的暴露因素和过敏性疾病风险之间的关系尚未得到充分探究。
我们评估了接触真菌、屋尘螨和内毒素是否会增加参与2005 - 2006年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的儿童和成人患湿疹、过敏和哮喘的风险。
在2005 - 2006年的调查中，共招募了8412名参与者（2849名是6至17岁的儿童）。我们使用多元逻辑回归来研究霉变/霉味以及链格孢属变应原、烟曲霉抗原、屋尘螨和内毒素抗原浓度升高是否会增加患湿疹、过敏和哮喘的风险。我们根据总IgE < 170和≥ 170 KU/L对模型进行分层，以评估过敏性和非过敏性哮喘结局。还研究了接触多种生物制剂与报告湿疹、过敏和哮喘风险之间的关系。
报告有霉变/霉味与儿童哮喘风险增加相关（比值比[OR] 1.60；95%置信区间[CI] 1.17 - 2.19），以及成人湿疹、过敏和哮喘风险增加相关（分别为OR 1.92；95% CI 1.39 - 2.63，OR 1.59；95% CI 1.26 - 2.02和OR 1.61；95% CI 1.00 - 2.57）。哮喘风险与儿童总IgE≥170 KU/L相关（OR 1.81；95% CI 1.01 - 3.25），与成人总IgE < 170 KU/L相关（OR 1.91；95% CI 1.07 - 3.42）。家中接触超过八种生物制剂的儿童和成人患湿疹（OR 0.17；95% CI 0.04 - 0.77）和哮喘（分别为OR 0.49；95% CI 0.25 - 0.97）的风险降低。
接触霉变/霉味作为接触真菌的替代指标，与特应性疾病风险增加有关。致敏在儿童和成人中可能起不同作用，接触多种变应原可能降低特应性疾病风险。
